UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
_________________
FORM 10-K
(Mark One)
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ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007 |
OR
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TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 for the transition period from __________ to __________ |
Commission file number 0-27824
SPAR GROUP, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Delaware |
33-0684451 |
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) |
(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) |
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555 White Plains Road, Suite 250, Tarrytown, New York |
10591 |
(Address of principal executive offices) |
(Zip Code) |
Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (914) 332-4100
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: Common Stock, par value $.01 per share
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. YES o NO x
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act. YES o NO x
Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding twelve months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. YES x NO o
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of Registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer or a smaller reporting company. (See definition of “large accelerated filer”, “accelerated filer”, and “Smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.). (Check one):
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Large Accelerated Filer |
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Accelerated Filer |
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Non-Accelerated Filer | o | Smaller reporting company | x |
(Do not check if a smaller reporting company)
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.) YES o NO x
The aggregate market value of the Common Stock of the Registrant held by non-affiliates of the Registrant on June 30, 2007, based on the closing price of the Common Stock as reported by the Nasdaq Capital Market on such date, was approximately $5,600,000.
The number of shares of the Registrant’s Common Stock outstanding as of December 31, 2007, was 19,089,177 shares.
DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
Portions of the Registrant’s definitive proxy statement, which will be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to Regulation 14A not later than 120 days after the end of our fiscal year, for our Annual Meeting of Shareholders, presently scheduled to be held on May 29, 2008, are incorporated by reference into Part III of this Form 10-K.
SPAR GROUP, INC.
ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 10-K
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PART I |
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Page |
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Item 1 |
2 |
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Item 1A |
9 |
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Item 1B |
14 |
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Item 2 |
14 |
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Item 3 |
15 |
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Item 4 |
16 |
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PART II |
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Item 5 |
17 |
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Item 6 |
20 |
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Item 7 |
20 |
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Item 7A |
28 |
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Item 8 |
28 |
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Item 9 |
Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure |
29 |
Item 9A(T) |
29 |
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Item 9B |
30 |
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PART III |
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Item 10 |
30 |
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Item 11 |
30 |
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Item 12 |
Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters |
30 |
Item 13 |
Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence |
30 |
Item 14 |
30 |
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PART IV |
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Item 15 |
31 |
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39 |
PART I
Statements contained in this Annual Report on Form 10-K of SPAR Group, Inc. (“SGRP”, and together with its subsidiaries, the “SPAR Group” or the “Company”), include “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”) and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”, and together with the Securities Act, the “Securities Laws”), including, in particular and without limitation, the statements contained in the discussions under the headings “Business”, “Risk Factors” and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations”. Forward-looking statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that could cause the Company’s actual results, performance and achievements, whether expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements, to not occur, to not be realized or to be less than expected. Such forward-looking statements generally are based upon the Company’s best estimates of future results, performance or achievement, current conditions and the most recent results of operations. Forward-looking statements may be identified by the use of forward-looking terminology such as “may”, “will”, “expect”, “intend”, “believe”, “estimate”, “anticipate”, “continue” or similar terms, variations of those terms or the negative of those terms. You should carefully consider such risks, uncertainties and other information, disclosures and discussions containing cautionary statements or identifying important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those provided in the forward-looking statements.
Although the Company believes that its plans, intentions and expectations reflected in or suggested by such forward-looking statements are reasonable, the Company cannot assure that such plans, intentions or expectations will be achieved in whole or in part, that it has identified all potential risks or that it can successfully avoid or mitigate such risks in whole or in part. You should carefully review the risk factors described below (see Item 1A – Risk Factors) and any other cautionary statements contained in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. All forward-looking statements attributable to the Company or persons acting on its behalf are expressly qualified by all such risk factors and other cautionary statements. The Company undertakes no obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except as required by law.
GENERAL
The SPAR Group, Inc., a Delaware corporation (“SGRP”), and its subsidiaries (together with SGRP, the “SPAR Group” or the “Company”), is a supplier of merchandising and other marketing services throughout the United States and internationally. Today the Company operates in 13 countries whose population represents approximately 48% of the total world population. The Company’s operations are currently divided into two divisions: the Domestic Merchandising Services Division and the International Merchandising Services Division. The Domestic Merchandising Services Division provides merchandising and marketing services, in-store event staffing, product sampling, Radio Frequency Identification (“RFID”) services, technology services and marketing research to manufacturers and retailers in the United States. The various services are primarily performed in mass merchandisers, electronics store chains, drug store chains and convenience and grocery stores. The International Merchandising Services Division was established in July 2000 and through its subsidiaries, the Company currently provides similar merchandising and other marketing services in Japan, Canada, Turkey, South Africa, India, Romania, China, Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia, Australia and New Zealand. The Company continues to focus on expanding its merchandising and marketing services business throughout the world.
Merchandising services primarily consist of regularly scheduled dedicated routed services and special projects provided at the store level for a specific retailer or single or multiple manufacturers primarily under single or multi-year contracts or agreements. Services also include stand-alone large-scale implementations. These services may include sales enhancing activities such as ensuring that client products authorized for distribution are in stock and on the shelf, adding new products that are approved for distribution but not presently on the shelf, setting category shelves in accordance with approved store schematics, ensuring that shelf tags are in place, checking for the overall salability of client products and setting new and promotional items and placing and/or removing point of purchase and other related media advertising. Specific in-store services can be initiated by retailers or manufacturers, and include new store openings, new product launches, special seasonal or promotional merchandising, focused product support and product recalls.
Domestic Merchandising Services Division
The Company’s Domestic Merchandising Services Division provides nationwide merchandising and other marketing services primarily on behalf of consumer product manufacturers and retailers at mass merchandisers, electronics store chains, drug store chains, convenience and grocery stores. Included in its clients are home
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entertainment, general merchandise, health and beauty care, consumer goods and food products companies in the United States.
International Merchandising Services Division
In July 2000, the Company established its International Merchandising Services Division to focus on expanding its merchandising and other marketing services business worldwide. The Company has expanded its international business as follows:
Date Established |
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Percent Ownership in Subsidiaries |
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Location |
May 2001 |
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50% |
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Osaka, Japan |
June 2003 |
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100% |
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Toronto, Canada |
July 2003 |
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51% |
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Istanbul, Turkey |
April 2004 |
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51% |
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Durban, South Africa |
April 2004 |
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51% |
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New Delhi, India |
December 2004 |
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51% |
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Bucharest, Romania |
February 2005 |
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50% |
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Hong Kong, China |
September 2005 |
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51% |
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Siauliai, Lithuania |
April 2006 |
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51% |
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Melbourne, Australia |
INDUSTRY OVERVIEW
Domestic Merchandising Services Division
According to industry estimates over two billion dollars is spent annually on domestic retail merchandising and marketing services. The merchandising and marketing services industry includes manufacturers, retailers, food brokers, and professional service merchandising companies. The Company believes there is a continuing trend for major retailers and manufacturers to move toward third parties to handle in-store merchandising. The Company also believes that its merchandising and marketing services bring added value to retailers, manufacturers and other businesses. Retail merchandising and marketing services enhance sales by making a product more visible and available to consumers. These services primarily include placing orders, shelf maintenance, display placement, reconfiguring products on store shelves and replenishing product inventory. The Company provides other marketing services such as providing in-store event staffing services, test market research, mystery shopping, and promotion planning and analysis.
The Company believes merchandising and marketing services previously undertaken by retailers and manufacturers have continued to be outsourced to third parties. Historically, retailers staffed their stores as needed to ensure inventory levels, the advantageous display of new items on shelves, and the maintenance of shelf schematics. In an effort to improve their margins, retailers decreased their own store personnel and increased their reliance on manufacturers to perform such services. Initially, manufacturers attempted to satisfy the need for merchandising and marketing services in retail stores by utilizing their own sales representatives. Retailers also used their employees to merchandise their stores. However, both the manufacturers and the retailers discovered that using their own sales representatives and employees for this purpose was expensive and inefficient. Therefore, manufacturers and retailers have continued to outsource the merchandising and marketing services to third parties capable of operating at a lower cost by (among other things) serving multiple manufacturers simultaneously.
Another significant trend impacting the merchandising segment is the tendency of consumers to make product purchase decisions once inside the store. Accordingly, merchandising and marketing services and in-store product promotions have proliferated and diversified. Retailers are continually re-merchandising and re-modeling entire stores in an effort to respond to new product developments and changes in consumer preferences. The Company estimates that these activities have increased in frequency over the last five years. Both retailers and manufacturers are seeking third parties to help them meet the increased demand for these labor-intensive services.
In addition, the consolidation of many retailers has created opportunities for third party merchandisers when an acquired retailer’s stores are converted to the format of the acquiring retailer. In many cases stores are completely remodeled and re-merchandised after a consolidation.
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International Merchandising Services Division
The Company believes another current trend in business is globalization. As companies expand into foreign markets they will need assistance in merchandising or marketing their products. As evidenced in the United States, retailer and manufacturer sponsored merchandising and marketing programs are both expensive and inefficient. The Company also believes that the difficulties encountered by these programs are only exacerbated by the logistics of operating in foreign markets. This environment has created an opportunity for the Company to exploit its Internet-based technology and business model that are successful in the United States.
In July 2000, the Company established its International Merchandising Services Division to cultivate foreign markets, modify the necessary systems and implement the Company’s business model worldwide by expanding its merchandising and marketing services business off shore. The Company formed an International Merchandising Services Division task force consisting of members of the Company’s information technology, operations and finance groups to evaluate and develop foreign markets. In 2001, the Company established its Japanese subsidiary to provide the latest in-store merchandising and marketing services to the Japanese market. Subsequently, the Company translated several of its proprietary Internet-based logistical, communications and reporting software applications into Japanese and successfully implemented its software and business systems in Japan. Since 2003, the Company has expanded its international presence to Canada, Turkey, South Africa, India, Romania, China, Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia, Australia, and New Zealand. Today the Company operates in 13 countries whose population represents approximately 48% of the total world population.
Key to the Company’s international strategy is the translation of several of its proprietary Internet-based logistical, communications and reporting software applications into the native language of any market the Company enters. As a result of this requirement for market penetration, the Company has developed translation software that can quickly convert its proprietary software into various languages. Through its computer facilities in Auburn Hills, Michigan, the Company provides worldwide access to its proprietary logistical, communications and reporting software. In addition, the Company maintains personnel in Greece and Australia to assist in its international efforts. The Company is actively pursuing expansion into various other markets.
Another key to the Company’s international strategy is seeking a material investment and participation in an international subsidiary by an experienced person or company in the local country not otherwise affiliated with the Company (each a “Local Owner’). The Company generally seeks to own at least 51% of a foreign subsidiary, although it owns 50% of the equity interests in the Company’s subsidiaries in Japan and China. Canada is the only international subsidiary wholly owned by the Company. Local Owners provide equity, credit support and certain services and generally are or provide management support for the corresponding international subsidiaries. (See Item 1A - Risks of Having Material Local Investors in International Subsidiaries, below).
Financial Information About Geographic and Business Segments
The Company operates both domestically and internationally in the two distinct geographic/business segments described above. Certain financial information regarding the Company’s geographic and business segments, which includes net revenues and operating (loss) income for each of the years ended December 31, 2007, December 31, 2006, and December 31, 2005, and long-lived assets as of December 31, 2007 and December 31, 2006 is provided in Note 11 to the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements herein.
BUSINESS STRATEGY
As the marketing services industry continues to expand both in the United States and internationally, large retailers and manufacturers are outsourcing their merchandising and marketing service needs to third-party providers. The Company believes that offering marketing services on a national and global basis will provide it with a competitive advantage. Moreover, the Company believes that successful use of and continuous improvements to a sophisticated technology infrastructure, including its proprietary Internet-based software, is key to providing clients with a high level of client service while maintaining efficient, low cost operations. The Company’s objective is to become an international retail merchandising and marketing service provider by pursuing its operating and growth strategy, as described below.
Increased Sales Efforts:
The Company is seeking to increase revenues by increasing sales to its current clients, as well as, establishing long-term relationships with new clients, many of which currently use other merchandising companies for various reasons. The Company believes its technology, field implementation and other competitive advantages will allow it to
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capture a larger share of this market over time. However, there can be no assurance that any increased sales will be achieved.
New Products:
The Company is seeking to increase revenues through the internal development and implementation of new products and services that add value to its clients’ retail merchandising related activities, some of which have been identified and are currently being tested for feasibility and market acceptance. However, there can be no assurance that any new products of value will be developed or that any such new product can be successfully marketed.
Acquisitions:
The Company is seeking to acquire businesses or enter into partnerships, joint ventures or other arrangements with companies that offer similar merchandising or marketing services both in the United States and worldwide. The Company believes that increasing its industry expertise, adding product segments, and increasing its geographic breadth will allow it to service its clients more efficiently and cost effectively. Through such acquisitions, the Company may realize additional operating and revenue synergies and may leverage existing relationships with manufacturers, retailers and other businesses to create cross-selling opportunities. However, there can be no assurance that any of the acquisitions will occur or whether, if completed, the integration of the acquired businesses will be successful or the anticipated efficiencies and cross-selling opportunities will occur.
Leverage and Improve Technology:
The Company believes that providing merchandising and marketing services in a timely, accurate and efficient manner, as well as delivering timely, accurate and useful reports to its clients, are key components that are and will continue to be critical to the Company’s success. The Company has developed Internet-based logistic deployment, communications, and reporting systems that improve the productivity of its merchandising specialists and provide timely data to its clients. The Company’s merchandising specialists use hand-held computers, personal computers or laptop computers to report the status of each store or client product they service. Merchandising specialists report on a variety of issues such as store conditions, status of client products (e.g. out of stocks, inventory, display placement) or they may scan and process new orders for certain products.
Through the Company’s automated labor tracking system, its merchandising specialists communicate work assignment completion information via the Internet, cellular telephone or landlines, enabling the Company to report hours and other completion information for each work assignment on a daily basis and providing the Company with daily, detailed tracking of work completion. This information is analyzed and displayed in a variety of reports that can be accessed by both the Company and its clients via the Internet. These reports can depict the status of merchandising projects in real time. This technology also allows the Company to schedule its merchandising specialists more efficiently, quickly quantify the benefits of its services to clients, rapidly respond to clients’ needs and rapidly implement programs.
The Company intends to continue to utilize computer (including hand-held computers), Internet, cellular telephone and other technology to enhance its efficiency and ability to provide real-time data to its clients, as well as, maximize the speed of communication, and logistical deployment of its merchandising specialists. Industry sources indicate that clients are increasingly relying on merchandising and marketing service providers to supply rapid, value-added information regarding the results of merchandising and marketing expenditures on sales and profits. The Company (together with certain of its affiliates) has developed and owns proprietary Internet-based software technology that allows it to utilize the Internet to communicate with its field management, schedule its store-specific field operations more efficiently, receive information and incorporate the data immediately, quantify the benefits of its services to clients faster, respond to clients’ needs quickly and implement client programs rapidly. The Company has successfully modified and is currently utilizing certain of its software applications in connection with its international ventures.
The Company believes that it can continue to improve, modify and adapt its technology to support merchandising and other marketing services for additional clients and projects in the United States and in foreign markets. The Company also believes that its proprietary Internet-based software technology gives it a competitive advantage in the marketplace.
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Improve Operating Efficiencies:
The Company will continue to seek greater operating efficiencies. The Company believes that its existing field force and technology infrastructure can support additional clients and revenue in both its Domestic Merchandising Services Division and International Merchandising Services Division.
DESCRIPTION OF SERVICES
The Company currently provides a broad array of merchandising and marketing services to some of the world’s leading companies, both domestically and internationally. The Company believes its full-line capabilities provide fully integrated solutions that distinguish the Company from its competitors. These capabilities include the ability to develop plans at one centralized division headquarter location, effect chain wide execution, implement rapid, coordinated responses to its clients’ needs and report on a real time Internet enhanced basis. The Company also believes its international presence, industry-leading technology, centralized decision-making ability, local follow-through, ability to recruit, train and supervise merchandisers, ability to perform large-scale initiatives on short notice, and strong retailer relationships provide the Company with a significant advantage over local, regional or other competitors.
The Company’s operations are currently divided into two divisions: the Domestic Merchandising Services Division and the International Merchandising Services Division. The Domestic Merchandising Services Division provides merchandising and marketing services, in-store event staffing, product sampling, RFID services, technology services and marketing research to manufacturers and retailers in the United States. The various services are primarily performed in mass merchandisers, electronics store chains, drug store chains, convenience and grocery stores. The International Merchandising Services Division established in July 2000, currently provides similar merchandising and marketing services through subsidiaries in Japan, Canada, Turkey, South Africa, India, Romania, China, Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia, Australia and New Zealand. Today the Company operates in 13 countries whose population represents approximately 48% of the total world population.
The Company provides its merchandising and marketing services primarily on behalf of retailers and consumer product manufacturers and distributors at mass merchandiser, electronic, drug and retail grocery chains. The Company currently provides three principal types of merchandising and marketing services: syndicated services, dedicated services and project services.
Syndicated Services
Syndicated services consist of regularly scheduled, routed merchandising and marketing services provided at the retail store level for various manufacturers and distributors. These services are performed for multiple manufacturers and distributors, including, in some cases, manufacturers and distributors whose products are in the same product category. Syndicated services may include activities such as:
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Reordering and replenishment of products |
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Ensuring that the clients’ products authorized for distribution are in stock and on the shelf |
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Adding new products that are approved for distribution but not yet present on the shelf |
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Designing and implementing store planogram schematics |
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Setting product category shelves in accordance with approved store schematics |
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Ensuring that product shelf tags are in place |
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Checking for overall salability of the clients’ products |
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Placing new product and promotional items in prominent positions |
Dedicated Services
Dedicated services consist of merchandising and marketing services, generally as described above, which are performed for a specific retailer or manufacturer by a dedicated organization, including a management team working exclusively for that retailer or manufacturer. These services include many of the above activities detailed in syndicated services, as well as, new store set-ups, store remodels and fixture installations. These services are primarily based on agreed-upon rates and fixed management fees.
Project Services
Project services consist primarily of specific in-store services initiated by retailers and manufacturers, such as new store openings, new product launches, special seasonal or promotional merchandising, focused product support,
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product recalls, in-store product demonstrations and in-store product sampling. The Company also performs other project services, such as new store sets and existing store resets, re-merchandising, remodels and category implementations, under annual or stand-alone project contracts or agreements.
In-Store Event Staffing Services
The Company provides in-store product samplings and in-store product demonstrations to national chains in target markets worldwide. The Company has also developed additional product offerings in an effort to expand this segment of its business.
Other Marketing Services
Other marketing services performed by the Company include:
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Test Market Research - Testing promotion alternatives, new products and advertising campaigns, as well as packaging, pricing, and location changes, at the store level. |
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Mystery Shopping - Calling anonymously on retail outlets (e.g. stores, restaurants, banks) to check on distribution or display of a brand and to evaluate products, service of personnel, conditions of store, etc. |
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Data Collection - Gathering sales and other information systematically for analysis and interpretation. |
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RFID – Utilizing technology to track merchandiser performance, product inventory at store level as well as other related merchandising and marketing applications. |
SALES AND MARKETING
The Company’s sales efforts within its Domestic Merchandising Services Division are structured to develop new business in national, regional and local markets. The Company’s corporate business development team directs its efforts toward the senior management of prospective clients. Sales strategies developed at the Company’s headquarters are communicated to the Company’s sales force for execution. The sales force, located nationwide, work from both Company and in home offices. In addition, the Company’s corporate account executives play an important role in the Company’s new business development efforts within its existing manufacturer, distributor and retailer client base.
As part of the retailer consolidation, retailers are centralizing most administrative functions, including operations, procurement and category management. In response to this centralization and the growing importance of large retailers, many manufacturers have reorganized their selling organizations around a retailer team concept that focuses on a particular retailer. The Company has responded to this emerging trend and currently has retailer teams in place at select retailers.
The Company’s business development process includes a due diligence period to determine the objectives of the prospective client, the work required to satisfy those objectives and the market value of such work to be performed. The Company employs a formal cost development and proposal process that determines the cost of each element of work required to achieve the prospective client’s objectives. These costs, together with an analysis of market rates, are used in the development of a formal quotation that is then reviewed at various levels within the organization. The pricing of this internal proposal must meet the Company’s objectives for profitability, which are established as part of the business planning process. After approval of this quotation, a detailed proposal is presented to the prospective client.
The Company’s marketing efforts within its International Merchandising Services Division are three fold. First, the Company endeavors to develop new markets through acquisitions. The Company’s international acquisition team, whose primary focus is to seek out and develop acquisitions throughout the world, consists of personnel located in the United States, Greece and Australia. Personnel from information technology, field operations, client services and finance support the international acquisition team. Second, the Company offers global merchandising solutions to clients that have worldwide distribution. This effort is spearheaded out of the Company’s headquarters in the United States. Third, the Company develops local markets through various subsidiaries throughout the world.
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CLIENTS
The Company currently represents numerous manufacturers and /or retail clients in a wide range of retail chains and stores worldwide, including:
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Mass Merchandisers |
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Electronics |
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Drug |
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Grocery |
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Other retail outlets (such as discount stores, home centers, etc.) |
The Company also provides event staffing, RFID, research and other marketing services to retailers and the consumer packaged goods industry.
One client accounted for 7% of the Company’s net revenues for the year ended December 31, 2007. This client accounted for approximately 3% of the Company’s accounts receivable at December 31, 2007.
In addition, approximately 7%, 8%, and 11% of the Company’s net revenues for the years ended December 31, 2007, 2006, and 2005, respectively, resulted from merchandising services performed for manufacturers and others in stores operated by a leading mass merchandising chain in the United States. These clients accounted for approximately 5% and 4% of the Company’s accounts receivable at December 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively.
Also, approximately 14% and 11% of the Company’s net revenues for the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively, resulted from merchandising services performed for manufacturers and others in stores operated by a leading electronics chain in the United States. These clients accounted for 10% and 7% of Company’s accounts receivable at December 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively.
COMPETITION
The marketing services industry is highly competitive. The Company’s competition in the Domestic and International Merchandising Services Divisions arises from a number of large enterprises, many of which are national or international in scope. The Company also competes with a large number of relatively small enterprises with specific client, channel or geographic coverage, as well as with the internal marketing and merchandising operations of its clients and prospective clients. The Company believes that the principal competitive factors within its industry include development and deployment of technology, breadth and quality of client services, cost, and the ability to execute specific client priorities rapidly and consistently over a wide geographic area. The Company believes that its current structure favorably addresses these factors and establishes it as a leader in the mass merchandiser, electronics and chain drug store channels of trade. The Company also believes it has the ability to execute major national and international in-store initiatives and develop and administer national and international retailer programs. Finally, the Company believes that, through the use and continuing improvement of its proprietary Internet software, other technological efficiencies and various cost controls, the Company will remain competitive in its pricing and services.
TRADEMARKS
The Company has numerous registered trademarks. Although the Company believes its trademarks may have value, the Company believes its services are sold primarily based on breadth and quality of service, cost, and the ability to execute specific client priorities rapidly, efficiently and consistently over a wide geographic area. See “Industry Overview” and “Competition”.
EMPLOYEES
Worldwide the Company utilized a labor force of approximately 8,800 people in 2007. Today the Company operates in 13 countries whose population represents approximately 48% of the total world population.
As of December 31, 2007, the Company’s Domestic Merchandising Services Division utilized a labor force of approximately 3,800 people. There were 126 full-time employees and 10 part-time employees engaged in domestic operations. Of the 126 full-time employees, 83 employees (36 client service and 47 operational support professionals) were engaged in office operations, 38 were engaged in field operations and 5 were engaged in sales. The Company’s Domestic Merchandising Services Division utilized the services of its affiliate, SPAR Management Services, Inc. (“SMSI”), to schedule and supervise its field force of merchandising specialists, which consists of independent
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contractors furnished by SPAR Marketing Services, Inc. (“SMS”), another affiliate of the Company (see Item 13 – Certain Relationships and Related Transactions and Director Independence, below) as well as the Company’s domestic field employees. SMS and SMSI furnished approximately 3,600 merchandising specialists (all of whom are independent contractors of SMS) and 53 field managers (all of whom were full-time employees of SMSI), respectively.
As of December 31, 2007, the Company’s International Merchandising Services Division’s labor force consisted of approximately 5,000 people. There were 114 full-time and 7 part-time employees engaged in international operations. Of the 114 full-time employees, 74 employees were engaged in office operation and 40 full-time employees were engaged in sales. The International Division’s field force consisted of approximately 300 field management employees and approximately 4,600 merchandising specialists of which approximately 3,800 were Company employees and approximately 800 were independent contractors.
To support the International Merchandising Services Division, the Company utilizes employees of its Domestic Merchandising Services Division as well as the employees of its affiliates, SMSI and SPAR Infotech, Inc. (“SIT”). However, dedicated employees will be added to the International Merchandising Services Division as the need arises. The Company’s affiliate, SIT, also provides programming and other assistance to the Company’s various divisions (see Item 13 – Certain Relationships and Related Transactions and Director Independence, below).
The Company, SMS, SMSI and SIT consider their relations with their respective employees and independent contractors to be good.
There are various risks associated with the Company’s growth and operating strategy. The risk factors presented below are the ones that the Company currently considers material based on best estimates and includes “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the Securities Laws. Forward-looking statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that could cause the Company’s actual results, performance and achievements, whether expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements, to not occur or to not be realized or to be less than expected. Additional risks may be facing the Company, the industry, or the economy in general, whether domestically or internationally. The Company may not be aware of some risks and may currently consider other risks immaterial, but any risk may develop at any time into actual events that adversely affect the Company. There also may be risks that a particular investor would view differently from the Company, and current analysis may be wrong. The Company expressly disclaims any obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statements or any of these risks in whole or in part, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except as required by law.
One should carefully consider each of the risks described below before making any investment decision respecting the Company’s common stock. If any of the following risks develops into actual events, or any other risks arise and develop into actual events, the Company’s business, financial condition or results of operations could be negatively affected, the market price of the Company’s common stock could decline and one may lose all or part of their investment.
Dependency on Largest Client and Large Retail Chains
As discussed above in “Clients”, the Company does a significant amount of business with a leading drug store chain, a leading mass merchandising chain and a leading electronics chain. The loss of this client, the loss of the ability to provide merchandising and marketing services in those chains, or the failure to attract new large clients could significantly decrease the Company’s revenues and such decreased revenues could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s business, results of operations and financial condition.
Dependence on Trend Toward Outsourcing
The business and growth of the Company depends in large part on the continued trend toward outsourcing of merchandising and marketing services, which the Company believes has resulted from the consolidation of retailers and manufacturers, as well as the desire to seek outsourcing specialists and reduce fixed operation expenses. There can be no assurance that this trend in outsourcing will continue, as companies may elect to perform such services internally. A significant change in the direction of this trend generally, or a trend in the retail, manufacturing or business services industry not to use, or to reduce the use of, outsourced marketing services such as those provided by the Company, could significantly decrease the Company’s revenues and such decreased revenues could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s business, results of operations and financial condition or the desired increases in the Company’s business, revenues and profits.
-9-
Failure to Successfully Compete
The merchandising and marketing services industry is highly competitive and the Company has competitors that are larger (or part of larger holding companies) and may be better financed. In addition, the Company competes with: (i) a large number of relatively small enterprises with specific client, channel or geographic coverage; (ii) the internal merchandising and marketing operations of its clients and prospective clients; (iii) independent brokers; and (iv) smaller regional providers. Remaining competitive in the highly competitive merchandising and marketing services industry requires that the Company monitor and respond to trends in all industry sectors. There can be no assurance that the Company will be able to anticipate and respond successfully to such trends in a timely manner. If the Company is unable to successfully compete, it could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s business, results of operations and financial condition or the desired increases in the Company’s business, revenues and profits.
If certain competitors were to combine into integrated merchandising and marketing services companies, or additional merchandising and marketing service companies were to enter into this market, or existing participants in this industry were to become more competitive, it could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s business, results of operations and financial condition or the desired increases in the Company’s business, revenues and profits.
Risks of Continuing Losses and Financial Covenant Violations
The Company has not been profitable in two of the last three years (see Item 8 - Financial Statements and Supplementary Data). In addition, during this period the Company has violated the covenants of its Credit Facility with Webster Business Credit Corporation (see Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, Liquidity and Capital Resources).
There can be no assurances that in the future the Company: will be profitable, will not violate covenants of its current or future Credit Facilities, its lenders would waive any violations of such covenants, the Company will continue to have adequate lines of credit, or will continue to have sufficient availability under its lines of credit. Accordingly, continued losses or marginal profitability by the Company, as well as any failure to maintain sufficient availability or lines of credit from the Company’s lenders, could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s business, results of operations and financial condition.
Variability of Operating Results and Uncertainty in Client Revenue
The Company has experienced and, in the future, may experience fluctuations in quarterly operating results. Factors that may cause the Company’s quarterly operating results to vary from time to time and may result in reduced revenue and profits include: (i) the number of active client projects; (ii) seasonality of client products; (iii) client delays, changes and cancellations in projects; (iv) the timing requirements of client projects; (v) the completion of major client projects; (vi) the timing of new engagements; (vii) the timing of personnel cost increases; and (viii) the loss of major clients. In particular, the timing of revenues is difficult to forecast for the home entertainment industry because timing is dependent on the commercial success of particular product releases. In the event that a particular release is not widely accepted by the public, the Company’s revenue could be significantly reduced. In addition, the Company is subject to revenue or profit uncertainties resulting from factors such as unprofitable client work and the failure of clients to pay. The Company attempts to mitigate these risks by dealing primarily with large credit-worthy clients, by entering into written or oral agreements with its clients and by using project budgeting systems. These revenue fluctuations could materially and adversely affect the Company’s business, results of operations and financial condition or the desired increases in the Company’s business, revenues and profits.
Failure to Develop New Products
A key element of the Company’s growth strategy is the development and sale of new products. While several new products are under current development, there can be no assurance that the Company will be able to successfully develop and market new products. The Company’s inability or failure to devise useful merchandising or marketing products or to complete the development or implementation of a particular product for use on a large scale, or the failure of such products to achieve market acceptance, could adversely affect the Company’s ability to achieve a significant part of its growth strategy and the absence of such growth could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s business, results of operations and financial condition or the desired increases in the Company’s business, revenues and profits.
-10-
Inability to Identify, Acquire and Successfully Integrate Acquisitions
Another key component of the Company’s growth strategy is the acquisition of businesses across the United States and worldwide that offer similar merchandising or marketing services. The successful implementation of this strategy depends upon the Company’s ability to identify suitable acquisition candidates, acquire such businesses on acceptable terms, finance the acquisition and integrate their operations successfully with those of the Company. There can be no assurance that such candidates will be available or, if such candidates are available, that the price will be attractive or that the Company will be able to identify, acquire, finance or integrate such businesses successfully. In addition, in pursuing such acquisition opportunities, the Company may compete with other entities with similar growth strategies, these competitors may be larger and have greater financial and other resources than the Company. Competition for these acquisition targets could also result in increased prices of acquisition targets and/or a diminished pool of companies available for acquisition.
The successful integration of these acquisitions also may involve a number of additional risks, including: (i) the inability to retain the clients of the acquired business; (ii) the lingering effects of poor client relations or service performance by the acquired business, which also may taint the Company’s existing businesses; (iii) the inability to retain the desirable management, key personnel and other employees of the acquired business; (iv) the inability to fully realize the desired efficiencies and economies of scale; (v) the inability to establish, implement or police the Company’s existing standards, controls, procedures and policies on the acquired business; (vi) diversion of management attention; and (vii) exposure to client, employee and other legal claims for activities of the acquired business prior to acquisition. In addition, any acquired business could perform significantly worse than expected.
The inability to identify, acquire, finance and successfully integrate such merchandising or marketing services business could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s growth strategy and could limit the Company’s ability to significantly increase its revenues and profits.
Uncertainty of Financing for, and Dilution Resulting from, Future Acquisitions
The timing, size and success of acquisition efforts and any associated capital commitments cannot be readily predicted. Future acquisitions may be financed by issuing shares of the Company’s Common Stock, cash, or a combination of Common Stock and cash. If the Company’s Common Stock does not maintain a sufficient market value, or if potential acquisition candidates are otherwise unwilling to accept the Company’s Common Stock as part of the consideration for the sale of their businesses, the Company may be required to obtain additional capital through debt or equity financings. To the extent the Company’s Common Stock is used for all or a portion of the consideration to be paid for future acquisitions, dilution may be experienced by existing stockholders. In addition, there can be no assurance that the Company will be able to obtain the additional financing it may need for its acquisitions on terms that the Company deems acceptable. Failure to obtain such capital would materially adversely affect the Company’s ability to execute its growth strategy.
Reliance on the Internet and Third Party Vendors
The Company relies on the Internet for the scheduling, coordination and reporting of its merchandising and marketing services. The Internet has experienced, and is expected to continue to experience, significant growth in the numbers of users and amount of traffic as well as increased attacks by hackers and other saboteurs. To the extent that the Internet continues to experience increased numbers of users, frequency of use or increased bandwidth requirements of users, there can be no assurance that the Internet infrastructure will continue to be able to support the demands placed on the Internet by this continued growth or that the performance or reliability of the Internet will not be adversely affected. Furthermore, the Internet has experienced a variety of outages and other delays as a result of accidental and intentional damage to portions of its infrastructure, and could face such outages and delays in the future of similar or greater effect. The Company relies on third-party vendors to provide its Internet access and other services used in its business, and the Company has no control over such third-party providers. Any protracted disruption or material slowdown in Internet or other services could increase the Company’s costs of operation and reduce efficiency and performance, which could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s business, results of operations and financial condition or the desired increases in the Company’s business, revenues and profits.
-11-
Economic and Retail Uncertainty
The markets in which the Company operates are cyclical and subject to the effects of economic downturns. The current political, social and economic conditions, including the impact of terrorism on consumer and business behavior, make it difficult for the Company, its vendors and its clients to accurately forecast and plan future business activities. Substantially all of the Company’s key clients are either retailers or those seeking to do product merchandising at retailers. Should the retail industry experience a significant economic downturn, the resultant reduction in product sales could significantly decrease the Company’s revenues. The Company also has risks associated with its clients changing their business plans and/or reducing their marketing budgets in response to economic conditions, which could also significantly decrease the Company’s revenues. Such revenue decreases could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s business, results of operations and financial condition or the desired increases in the Company’s business, revenues and profits.
Significant Stockholders: Voting Control and Market Illiquidity
Mr. Robert G. Brown, founder, director, Chairman (and former President and Chief Executive Officer) of the Company, beneficially owns approximately 46% of the Company’s outstanding Common Stock, and Mr. William H. Bartels, founder, director, and Vice Chairman of the Company, beneficially owns approximately 28% of the Company’s outstanding Common Stock. These stockholders have, should they choose to act together, and under certain circumstances Mr. Brown acting alone may have, the ability to control all matters requiring stockholder approval, including the election of directors and the approval of mergers and other business combination transactions.
In addition, although the Company Common Stock is quoted on the Nasdaq Capital Market, the trading volume in such stock may be limited and an investment in the Company’s securities may be illiquid because the founders own a significant amount of the Company’s stock.
Dependence Upon and Potential Conflicts in Services Provided by Affiliates
The success of the Company’s domestic business is dependent upon the successful execution of its field services by SPAR Marketing Services, Inc. (“SMS”), and SPAR Management Services, Inc. (“SMSI”), as well as the programming services provided by SPAR Infotech, Inc. (“SIT”), each of which is an affiliate, but not a subsidiary, of the Company, and none of which is consolidated in the Company’s financial statements. SMS provides substantially all of the merchandising specialists used by the Company in conducting its domestic business (89% of domestic field expense in 2007), and SMSI provides substantially all of the domestic field management services (93% of domestic field management in 2007) used by the Company in conducting its business (See Item 13 – Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence below). These services provided to the Company by SMS and SMSI are on a cost-plus basis pursuant to contracts that are cancelable on 60 days notice prior to December 31 of each year or with 180 days notice at any other time. SIT provides substantially all of the Internet programming services and other computer programming needs used by the Company in conducting its business (see Item 13 – Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence below), which are provided to the Company by SIT on an hourly charge basis pursuant to a contract that is cancelable on 30 days notice. The Company has determined that the services provided by SMS, SMSI and SIT are at rates favorable to the Company.
SMS, SMSI and SIT (collectively, the “SPAR Affiliates”) are owned solely by Mr. Robert G. Brown, founder, director, Chairman (and former President and Chief Executive Officer) of the Company, and Mr. William H. Bartels, founder, director, and Vice Chairman of the Company, each of whom are also directors and executive officers of each of the SPAR Affiliates (see Item 13 – Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence below). In the event of any dispute in the business relationships between the Company and one or more of the SPAR Affiliates, it is possible that Messrs. Brown and Bartels may have one or more conflicts of interest with respect to those relationships and could cause one or more of the SPAR Affiliates to renegotiate or cancel their contracts with the Company or otherwise act in a way that is not in the Company’s best interests.
While the Company’s relationships with SMS, SMSI and SIT are excellent, there can be no assurance that the Company could (if necessary under the circumstances) replace the field merchandising specialists and management currently provided by SMS and SMSI, respectively, or replace the Internet and other computer programming services provided by SIT, in sufficient time to perform its client obligations or at such favorable rates in the event the SPAR Affiliates no longer performed those services. Any cancellation, other nonperformance or material pricing increase under those affiliate contracts could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s business, results of operations and financial condition or the desired increases in the Company’s business, revenues and profits.
-12-
The Company has not paid and does not intend to pay cash Dividends
The Company has not paid dividends in the past, intends to retain any earnings or other cash resources to finance the expansion of its business and for general corporate purposes, and does not intend to pay dividends in the future. In addition, the Company’s Credit Facility with Webster Business Credit Corporation (“Webster”) (see Note 4 to the Consolidated Financial Statements – Lines of Credit) restricts the payment of dividends without Webster’s prior consent.
Risks Associated with International Subsidiaries
While the Company endeavors to limit its exposure for claims and losses in any international subsidiary through contractual provisions, insurance and use of single purpose entities for such ventures, there can be no assurance that the Company will not be held liable for the claims against and losses of a particular international subsidiary under applicable local law or local interpretation of any subsidiary agreements or insurance provisions. If any such claims and losses should occur, be material in amount and be successfully asserted against the Company, such claims and losses could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s business, results of operations and financial condition or the desired increases in the Company’s business, revenues and profits.
Risks of Having Material Local Investors in International Subsidiaries
The Company’s international model is to partner with local merchandising companies and combine their knowledge of the local market with the Company’s proprietary software and expertise in the merchandising business. As a result, each of the Company’s international subsidiaries (other than Canada) is owned in material part by an entity in the local country where the international subsidiary resides and is not otherwise affiliated with the Company (each a “Local Owner”). 50% of the equity interests in the Company’s subsidiaries in Japan and China and 49% of the equity interests in the Company’s other international subsidiaries (other than Canada) are owned by Local Owners rather than by the Company. The joint venture agreements between the Company and the Local Owners in the respective international subsidiaries (other than Canada) specify, among other things, the equity, programming and support services the Company is required to provide and the equity, credit support, certain services and management support that the Local Owner is required to provide to the international subsidiary. In the event of any disagreement or other dispute in the business relationships between the Company and Local Owner, it is possible that the Local Owner may have one or more conflicts of interest with respect to the relationship and could cause the applicable international subsidiary to operate or otherwise act in a way that is not in the Company’s best interests.
The joint venture agreements generally have unlimited contract terms and parties generally do not have the right to unilaterally withdraw. However, a non-defaulting party has the right to terminate such agreement upon the other party’s default, receipt of notice and failure to cure within a specified period (generally 60 days). In addition, either party, at any time after the end of a specified period (usually between three and five years), may: (1) sell all or part of its equity interest in the international subsidiary to a third party by providing a written notice to the other party of such intentions (in which case the other party has the right of first refusal and may purchase the equity of the offering partner under the same terms and conditions); or (2) offer to purchase the equity of the other party( in which case the other party has 120 days to either accept or reject the offer or to reverse the transaction and actually purchase the offering partners equity under the same terms and conditions).
Several of the international subsidiary contracts are either at or near the end of the applicable periods during which either of the parties may trigger the right of first refusal and buy/sell provisions described above. Both the Company and the Local Owners, as part of their ongoing relationship, are or will be assessing appropriate action as described above. The Company believes its relationships with the Local Owners are good. However, there can be no assurance that the Company could (if necessary under the circumstances) replace equity, credit support, management and other services currently provided by a Local Owner in sufficient time to perform its client obligations or that the Company could provide these services and or equity in the event the Local Owner were to withdraw its investment and support in the local market. Any cancellation, other nonperformance or material change under the joint venture agreements with the Local Owners could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s current business, results of operations and financial condition or future growth.
-13-
Risks Associated with Foreign Currency
The Company also has foreign currency exposure associated with its international subsidiaries. In 2007, these exposures are primarily concentrated in the Canadian Dollar, Japanese Yen, South African Rand and Australian Dollar.
Risks Associated with International Business
The Company’s expansion strategy includes expansion into various countries around the world. While the Company endeavors to limit its exposure by entering only countries where the political, social and economic environments are conducive to doing business, there can be no assurances that the respective business environments will remain favorable. In the future, the Company’s international operations and sales may be affected by the following risks, which may adversely affect United States companies doing business in foreign countries:
|
• |
Political and economic risks, including political instability; |
|
• |
Various forms of protectionist trade legislation that currently exist, or have been proposed; |
|
• |
Expenses associated with customizing products; |
|
• |
Local laws and business practices that favor local competition; |
|
• |
Dependence on local vendors; |
|
• |
Multiple, conflicting and changing governmental laws and regulations; |
|
• |
Potentially adverse tax consequences; |
|
• |
Local accounting principles, practices and procedures and limited familiarity with US GAAP; |
|
• |
Foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations; |
|
• |
Communication barriers, including those arising from language, culture, custom and times zones; and |
|
• |
Supervisory challenges arising from distance, physical absences and such communication barriers. |
Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments
None.
The Company does not own any real property. The Company leases certain office space and storage facilities for its corporate headquarters, divisions and subsidiaries under various operating leases, which expire at various dates during thenext five years. These leases generally require the Company to pay minimum rents, subject to periodic adjustments, plus other charges, including utilities, real estate taxes and common area maintenance. The Company believes that its relationships with its landlords generally to be good. However, as these leased facilities generally are used for offices and storage, the Company believes that other leased spaces could be readily found and utilized on similar terms should the need arise.
The Company maintains its corporate headquarters in approximately 5,600 square feet of leased office space located in Tarrytown, New York, under an operating lease with a term expiring in October 31, 2013.
The Company maintains its data processing center and warehouse at its regional office in Auburn Hills, Michigan, under an operating lease expiring in December 31, 2011.
The Company believes that its existing facilities are adequate for its current business. However, new facilities may be added should the need arise in the future.
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The following is a list of the locations where the Company maintains leased facilities for the listed offices and countries:
Location |
Office Use |
Approximate Square Footage |
|
|
|
Domestic: |
|
|
|
|
|
Tarrytown, NY |
Corporate Headquarters |
5,600 |
Auburn Hills, MI |
Regional Office and Warehouse |
25,700 |
|
|
|
International: |
|
|
|
|
|
Canada |
|
|
Toronto, Ontario |
Headquarters |
4,100 |
|
|
|
Japan |
|
|
Osaka |
Headquarters |
1,700 |
Tokyo |
Regional Office |
1,500 |
Nagoya |
Regional Office |
700 |
|
|
|
Turkey |
|
|
Istanbul |
Headquarters |
3,000 |
|
|
|
South Africa |
|
|
Durban |
Headquarters |
2,800 |
Cape Town |
Regional Office |
3,000 |
Port Elizabeth |
Regional Office |
700 |
|
|
|
India |
|
|
New Delhi |
Headquarters |
1,300 |
Mumbai |
Regional Office |
500 |
|
|
|
Romania |
|
|
Bucharest |
Headquarters |
1,100 |
|
|
|
China |
|
|
Shanghai |
Headquarters |
700 |
Beijing |
Regional Office |
300 |
Guangzhou |
Regional Office |
600 |
Shenzhen |
Regional Office |
500 |
Cheng Du |
Regional Office |
300 |
|
|
|
Lithuania |
|
|
Siauliai |
Headquarters |
1,200 |
|
|
|
Australia |
|
|
Melbourne |
Headquarters |
4,200 |
Safeway Inc. (“Safeway”) filed a Complaint against PIA Merchandising Co., Inc. (“PIA Co.”), a wholly owned subsidiary of SPAR Group, Inc. (“SGRP”), Pivotal Sales Company (“Pivotal”), a wholly owned subsidiary of PIA Co., and SGRP in Alameda Superior Court, case no. 2001028498 on October 24, 2001. Safeway claims, as subsequently amended, alleged causes of action for breach of contract and breach of implied contract. PIA Co. and Pivotal filed cross-claims against Safeway on or about March 11, 2002, and amended them on or about October 15, 2002, alleging causes of action by PIA Co. and Pivotal against Safeway for breach of contract, interference with economic relationship, unfair trade practices and unjust enrichment. Trial commenced in March 2006.
On May 26, 2006, the jury in this case returned a verdict resulting in a net award of $1,307,700 to Pivotal, a SGRP subsidiary. This net award is to be paid by Safeway and resulted from separate jury findings that awarded
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damages to those SGRP subsidiaries on certain claims and damages to Safeway on other claims. In particular, the jury awarded damages to Pivotal of $5,760,879 for Safeway’s interference with Pivotal’s contractual relationships with third party manufacturers and also awarded $782,400 to Pivotal and PIA for Safeway’s breach of contract with those SGRP subsidiaries. The jury awarded damages to Safeway of $5,235,579 for breach of contract by SGRP and those SGRP subsidiaries. Judgment was entered in favor of Pivotal in September 2006 for $1,307,700 representing the net amount of the awards. Both parties filed post trial motions but all post trial motions were denied. Notices of Appeal were thereafter filed by both Safeway and Pivotal. Pivotal/SGRP is seeking to have Safeway’s judgment overturned, thereby increasing the award to Pivotal by over $5 million. Safeway has asked for a new trial on the judgment found against it. The appellate process is expected to take fourteen to twenty four months to complete. In the interim, the court ordered a mediation of the dispute, which took place but was not successful in resolving the matter. Accordingly, the appeals will proceed. The Company has recorded the net $1.3 million settlement award in other assets.
Briefing on the appeals was continued at the request of Safeway, who needed additional time to prepare their papers. Safeway’s initial brief on appeal is expected to be filed by the end of March, 2008. Spar’s opposition will be filed 90 days after Safeway’s brief has been filed. Opposition and Reply briefs will then be filed within the next 180 days. Thereafter, an oral argument hearing date will be assigned by the court of appeal.
In addition to the above, the Company is a party to various other legal actions and administrative proceedings arising in the normal course of business. In the opinion of Company’s management, disposition of these other matters are not anticipated to have a material adverse effect on the financial position, results of operations or cash flows of the Company.
Item 4. Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders
None.
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PART II
Price Range of Common Stock
The following table sets forth the reported high and low sales prices of the Common Stock for the quarters indicated as reported on the Nasdaq Capital Market.
|
2007 |
2006 |
||||||
|
High |
Low |
High |
Low |
||||
First Quarter |
$ |
1.30 |
$ |
0.95 |
$ |
1.36 |
$ |
0.89 |
Second Quarter |
|
1.23 |
|
0.89 |
|
1.40 |
|
0.90 |
Third Quarter |
|
1.50 |
|
0.95 |
|
1.13 |
|
0.90 |
Fourth Quarter |
|
1.02 |
|
0.54 |
|
1.35 |
|
0.92 |
As of December 31, 2007, there were approximately 1,000 beneficial shareholders of the Company’s Common Stock.
Dividends
The Company has never declared or paid any cash dividends on its capital stock and does not anticipate paying cash dividends on its Common Stock in the foreseeable future. The Company currently intends to retain future earnings to finance its operations and fund the growth of the business. Any payment of future dividends will be at the discretion of the Board of Directors of the Company and will depend upon, among other things, the Company’s earnings, financial condition, capital requirements, level of indebtedness, contractual restrictions in respect to the payment of dividends and other factors that the Company’s Board of Directors deems relevant.
The Company’s Credit Facility with Webster Business Credit Corporation (see Note 4 to the Consolidated Financial Statements – Lines of Credit) restricts the payment of dividends without Webster’s prior consent.
Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
During the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007, SGRP did not repurchase any of its equity securities.
Corporation Performance
The following graph shows a comparison of cumulative total returns for SGRP’s Common Stock, the Nasdaq Stock Market (U.S. Companies) Index and the Nasdaq Stocks (SIC 7380-7389 U.S. Companies) Miscellaneous Business Services Index, Russell 2000 and S&P Advertising for the period during which SGRP’s Common Stock has been registered under Section 12 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”). The graph assumes that the value of an investment in Common Stock and in each such index was $100 on December 31, 2002, and that all dividends have been reinvested.
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The comparison in the graph below is based on historical data and is not intended to forecast the possible future performance of SGRP’s Common Stock.
-18-
Creation and Sale of Unregistered Preferred Stock
On March 28, 2008, SGRP filed a “Certificate of Designation of Series “A” Preferred Stock of SPAR Group, Inc.” (the “Preferred Designation”), creating a series of 3,000,000 shares of Preferred Stock designated as “Series A Preferred Stock” with a par value of $0.01 per share (the “Preferred Stock”), which designation had been approved by SGRP’s Board of Directors (the “Board”) on March 27, 2008.
The Preferred Designation provides that each share of Preferred Stock is to be issued at a value equal to the closing bid price of SGRP’s common stock (the “Common Stock”) immediately preceding the day SGRP and the purchaser(s) entered into of a binding commitment to issue and acquire Preferred Stock. The Preferred Stock will accrue a 10% divided payable in either cash (when permitted by law and Nasdaq and authorized by the Board) or common stock when authorized by the Board (valued at the current market price of a share of common stock at the time paid but not less that the initial purchase price of a share of such preferred). All accrued and unpaid dividends and potential dividends must be paid to the holders of the Preferred Stock before any dividends can be paid to the holders of the Common Stock. The face value (purchase price) of the Preferred Stock and all accrued and unpaid dividends and potential dividends must be paid to the holders of the Preferred Stock before any liquidating distributions can be made to the holders of the Common Stock. The consent of all of the holders of the Preferred Stock is required for SGRP to make any changes in the Preferred Designation or issue any other class of preferred stock senior to or pari passu with the Preferred Stock.
The Preferred Stock is redeemable, at the discretion of the Corporation, for a cash redemption price equal to its face value (purchase price) plus all accrued and unpaid dividends and potential dividends. Each share of Preferred Stock is convertible into one share of Common Stock at the rate of one to one at the option of the holder, which option would be exercisable for so long as the Preferred Stock is outstanding (even if the Corporation has elected to redeem). Such a conversion also requires that the Corporation satisfy all accrued and unpaid dividends and potential dividends at the same time. The Preferred Stock votes with the Common Stock (no class voting) and have voting rights equal to one vote per share of Preferred Stock.
On March 27, 2008, the Board also authorized the issuance of up to 530,000 shares of Preferred Stock to its affiliates, Robert G. Brown and William H. Bartels (who are officers, directors and significant shareholders of SGRP - see Item 13, Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence) in return for (among other things) cash or the reduction of an equivalent debt owed by the Company to SPAR Management Services, Inc. (“SMSI”) (see Item 13, Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence), an affiliate of SGRP wholly owned by Mr. Brown and Mr. Bartels. On March 31, 2008, the Corporation, Mr. Brown, Mr. Bartels and SMSI entered into an agreement to issue and purchase 89,286 shares of Preferred Stock at $1.12 per share (the closing bid price of SGRP’s Common Stock for the most recent trading day available immediately preceding such agreement date). Pursuant to that agreement, SGRP’s payable to SMSI will be reduced by $100,000.32, and SGRP will issue 54,564 shares of Preferred Stock to Mr. Brown and 34,722 shares of Preferred Stock to Mr. Bartels, all effective March 31, 2008. SGRP’s Audit Committee reviewed and unanimously approved this transaction, including the terms of the Preferred Stock and the affiliated relationship of the parties. The offer and sale of such Preferred Stock have not been registered under the Securities Act or other securities laws, as they were a non-public offer and sale made in reliance upon (among other things) Section 4(2) of the Securities Act.
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Item 6. Selected Financial Data
|
Not applicable. |
Statements contained in this “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” include “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the Securities Laws and are based on the Company’s best estimates and determinations. Forward-looking statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that could cause the Company’s actual results, performance and achievements, whether expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements, to not occur or to not be realized or to be less than its plans, goals, intentions and/or expectations. Such forward-looking statements generally are based upon the Company’s best estimates of future results, performance or achievement, current conditions and the most recent results of operations. Forward-looking statements may be identified by the use of forward-looking terminology such as “may”, “will”, “expect”, “intend”, “believe”, “estimate”, “anticipate”, “continue” or similar terms, variations of those terms or the negative of those terms. You should carefully consider such risks, uncertainties and other information, disclosures and discussions containing cautionary statements or identifying important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those provided in the forward-looking statements.
You should carefully review this management discussion and analysis together with the risk factors described above (see Item 1A – Risk Factors) and the other cautionary statements contained in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. All forward-looking statements attributable to the Company or persons acting on its behalf are expressly qualified by such risk factors and other cautionary statements. Although the Company believes that its plans, goals, intentions and expectations reflected in or suggested by such forward-looking statements are reasonable, it cannot assure that such plans, goals, intentions or expectations will be achieved in whole or in part. The Company undertakes no obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except as required by law.
Overview
The Company’s operations are currently divided into two divisions: the Domestic Merchandising Services Division and the International Merchandising Services Division. The Domestic Merchandising Services Division provides merchandising and marketing services, in-store event staffing, product sampling, Radio Frequency Identification (“RFID”) services, technology services and marketing research to manufacturers and retailers in the United States. The various services are primarily performed in mass merchandisers, electronics store chains, drug store chains and convenience and grocery stores. The International Merchandising Services Division was established in July 2000 and currently provides similar merchandising and other marketing services through subsidiaries in Japan, Canada, Turkey, South Africa, India, Romania, China, Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia, Australia and New Zealand. The Company continues to focus on expanding its merchandising and marketing services business throughout the world.
Critical Accounting Policies & Estimates
The Company’s critical accounting policies, including the assumptions and judgments underlying them, are disclosed in the Note 2 to the Consolidated Financial Statements. These policies have been consistently applied in all material respects and address such matters as revenue recognition, depreciation methods, asset impairment recognition, consolidation of subsidiaries and other companies, and discontinued business accounting. While the estimates and judgments associated with the application of these policies may be affected by different assumptions or conditions, the Company believes the estimates and judgments associated with the reported amounts are appropriate in the circumstances. Four critical accounting policies are consolidation of subsidiaries, revenue recognition, allowance for doubtful accounts, and internal use software development costs.
Consolidation of Subsidiaries
The Company consolidates its 100% owned subsidiaries. The Company also consolidates all of its 51% owned subsidiaries and all of its 50% owned subsidiaries, as the Company believes it is the primary beneficiary in accordance with Financial Accounting Standards Board Interpretation Number 46, as revised December 2003, Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities (“FIN 46(R)”).
-20-
Revenue Recognition
The Company’s services are provided to its clients under contracts or agreements. The Company bills its clients based upon service fee and per unit fee billing arrangements. Revenues under service fee billing arrangements are recognized when the service is performed. The Company’s per unit fee arrangements provide for fees to be earned based on the retail sales of a client’s products to consumers. The Company recognizes per unit fees in the period such amounts become determinable and are reported to the Company.
Allowance for Doubtful Accounts
The Company continually monitors the validity of its accounts receivable based upon current client credit information and financial condition. Balances that are deemed to be uncollectible after the Company has attempted reasonable collection efforts are written off through a charge to the bad debt allowance and a credit to accounts receivable. Accounts receivable balances, net of any applicable reserves or allowances, are stated at the amount that management expects to collect from the outstanding balances. The Company provides for probable uncollectible amounts through a charge to earnings and a credit to bad debt allowance based in part on management’s assessment of the current status of individual accounts. Based on management’s assessment, the Company established an allowance for doubtful accounts of $163,000 and $400,000 at December 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively. Bad debt (recovery) expenses were $(164,000), $84,000, and $38,000 in 2007, 2006, and 2005, respectively.
Internal Use Software Development Costs
In accordance with SOP 98-1, Accounting for the Costs of Computer Software Developed or Obtained for Internal Use, the Company capitalizes certain costs associated with its internally developed software. Specifically, the Company capitalizes the costs of materials and services incurred in developing or obtaining internal use software. These costs include (but are not limited to) the cost to purchase software, the cost to write program code, payroll and related benefits and travel expenses for those employees who are directly involved with and who devote time to the Company’s software development projects. Capitalized software development costs are amortized over three years on a straight-line basis.
The Company capitalized $328,000, $280,000, and $346,000 of costs related to software developed for internal use in 2007, 2006, and 2005, respectively, and recognized approximately $292,000, $371,000, and $516,000 of amortization of capitalized software for the years ended December 31, 2007, 2006, and 2005, respectively.
Results of operations
The following table sets forth selected financial data and such data as a percentage of net revenues for the years indicated (in millions).
|
|
Year Ended December 31, |
|
|||||||||||||
|
|
2007 |
|
% |
|
2006 |
|
% |
|
2005 |
|
% |
|
|||
Net revenues |
|
$ |
60.7 |
|
100.0 |
% |
$ |
57.3 |
|
100.0 |
% |
$ |
51.6 |
|
100.0 |
% |
Cost of revenues |
|
|
41.5 |
|
68.3 |
|
|
37.5 |
|
65.4 |
|
|
32.0 |
|
61.9 |
|
Selling, general & administrative expenses |
|
|
20.5 |
|
33.7 |
|
|
19.8 |
|
34.6 |
|
|
16.7 |
|
32.4 |
|
Depreciation & amortization |
|
|
0.7 |
|
1.3 |
|
|
0.7 |
|
1.3 |
|
|
1.0 |
|
2.0 |
|
Other expense (income) |
|
|
0.3 |
|
0.5 |
|
|
(0.1 |
) |
(0.2 |
) |
|
0.6 |
|
1.2 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(Loss) income before income tax provision and minority interest |
|
|
(2.3 |
) |
(3.8 |
) |
|
(0.6 |
) |
(1.1 |
) |
|
1.3 |
|
2.5 |
|
Provision for income taxes |
|
|
0.2 |
|
0.3 |
|
|
0.1 |
|
0.2 |
|
|
0.2 |
|
0.4 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(Loss) income before minority interest |
|
|
(2.5 |
) |
(4.1 |
) |
|
(0.7 |
) |
(1.3 |
) |
|
1.1 |
|
2.1 |
|
Minority interest |
|
|
— |
|
— |
|
|
(0.1 |
) |
(0.2 |
) |
|
0.2 |
|
0.4 |
|
Net (loss) income |
|
$ |
(2.5 |
) |
(4.1 |
)% |
$ |
(0.6 |
) |
(1.1 |
)% |
$ |
0.9 |
|
1.7 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
-21-
Results of operations for the twelve months ended December 31, 2007, compared to twelve months ended December 31, 2006
Net Revenues
Net revenues for the twelve months ended December 31, 2007, were $60.7 million, compared to $57.3 million for the twelve months ended December 31, 2006, an increase of $3.4 million. International net revenues totaled $31.3 million for 2007 increasing 34.7% from $23.2 million in 2006. The increase in international net revenues of $8.1 million was primarily due to increased net revenues from subsidiaries with operations continuing from 2006 totaling $8.1 million. The following subsidiaries recorded 2007 increases in net revenues over 2006 results: Australia $4.2 million; India $1.4 million; Turkey $954,000; Canada $657,000; Lithuania $570,000; China $305,000; Japan $253,000 and Romania $113,000. South Africa reported a decline in net revenues for the twelve months ended December 31, 2007, $410,000. Included in the 2006 international revenues was an additional quarter of revenues totaling $1.3 million resulting from the change in the reporting year for the Japanese subsidiary. Excluding the $1.3 million of additional revenues for 2006, 2007 international net revenues increased $9.4 million or 40.5% from 2006. Domestic net revenues totaled $29.4 million in 2007, compared to $34.1 million in 2006. The decrease in domestic net revenues of $4.7 million, or 13.7%, is primarily the result of lower project work and per unit fee billings, partially offset by revenue from new clients in 2007. Included in 2006 domestic revenue was $770,000 from the termination of a customer service agreement.
Cost of Revenues
Cost of revenues consists of in-store labor and field management wages, related benefits, travel and other direct labor-related expenses. Cost of revenues was 68.3% of net revenues for the twelve months ended December 31, 2007, compared to 65.4% for the twelve months ended December 31, 2006. Internationally, the cost of revenues as a percentage of net revenues was 68.9% and 64.1% for the twelve months ended December 31, 2007, and 2006, respectively. The international cost of revenues percentage increase was primarily attributable to lower margin revenues in Japan accounting for a greater portion of revenue in the twelve months ended December 31, 2007, compared to the prior year. Lithuania, Turkey and China had higher cost of revenues in 2007 compared to 2006. Domestic cost of revenues was 67.6% and 66.2% of net revenues for the twelve months ended December 31, 2007, and 2006, respectively. The increase was primarily attributable to the change in the mix of business, with higher cost project revenues accounting for a greater portion of revenues in the twelve months ended December 31, 2007, as well as a decrease in per unit fee revenues that did not have a proportionate decrease in cost compared to the prior year. As discussed above under Critical Accounting Policies/Revenue Recognition, the Company’s revenue consists of per unit fee revenue, which is earned when the client’s product is sold to the consumer at retail, not when the services are performed. Retail sales of client products are influenced by numerous factors including consumer tastes and preferences, and not solely by the merchandising and marketing service performed. In any given period, the cost of per unit fee revenues may not be directly proportionate to the per unit fee revenue.
Approximately 90% and 84% of the Company’s domestic cost of revenue in both the twelve months ended December 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively, resulted from in-store independent contractor and field management services purchased from the Company’s affiliates, SPAR Marketing Services, Inc. (“SMS”), and SPAR Management Services, Inc. (“SMSI”), respectively. (See Item 13 – Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence below)
Operating Expenses
Operating expenses consist of selling, general and administrative expenses, depreciation and amortization. Selling, general and administrative expenses include corporate overhead, project management, information technology, executive compensation, human resource, legal and accounting expenses. The following table sets forth the operating expenses for the years indicated (in millions):
|
|
Year Ended December 31, |
|
Increase |
|
||||||||
|
|
2007 |
|
% |
|
2006 |
|
% |
|
% |
|
||
Selling, general & administrative |
|
$ |
20.5 |
|
33.7 |
% |
$ |
19.8 |
|
34.6 |
% |
3.2 |
% |
Depreciation and amortization |
|
|
0.7 |
|
1.3 |
|
|
0.7 |
|
1.3 |
|
2.9 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total operating expenses |
|
$ |
21.2 |
|
35.0 |
% |
$ |
20.5 |
|
35.9 |
% |
3.2 |
% |
-22-
Selling, general and administrative expenses increased by approximately $635,000, or 3.2%, for the twelve months ended December 31, 2007, to $20.5 million compared to $19.8 million for the twelve months ended December 31, 2006. The $635,000 increase in selling, general and administrative expenses consisted of an increase in international selling, general and administrative expenses totaling $1.5 million offset by a decrease in domestic selling, general and administrative expenses of $876,000. International selling, general and administrative expenses for the twelve months ended December 31, 2007, were $10.2 million compared to $8.7 million for the prior year. The increase of approximately $1.5 million, or 17.4%, was primarily due to $1.5 million of additional selling, general and administrative expenses related to the new international subsidiaries in Australia $1.4 million and Lithuania $116,000 which began operations in 2006. Increases from existing international subsidiaries include Canada $714,000, India $177,000, China $94,000, South Africa $44,000 and Romania $17,000. General corporate international business development costs increased $39,000. These increases were partially offset by decreases in the Japanese international subsidiary selling, general and administrative expenses of $1.0 million and $32,000 from the Turkish subsidiary. In 2006 there were $544,000 in additional expenses included in the Japan subsidiary’s results due to the inclusion of the fourth quarter of 2005 results in 2006 due to a change in reporting period. Without these expenses the decrease in the Japanese subsidiary’s expenses would be $497,000. Domestic selling, general and administrative expenses totaled $10.3 million for 2007 and were reduced $873,000 from $11.1 million in 2006.
Depreciation and amortization charges were $768,000 for the twelve months ended December 31, 2007, compared to $746,000 for the twelve months ended December 31, 2006. The decrease of approximately $22,000, or 2.9%, was due to lower purchases of property and equipment in recent years.
Other Income/Other Expense
Other expense, net was approximately $39,000 for twelve months ended December 31, 2007, compared to other income, net of approximately $338,000 for the twelve months ended December 31, 2006. Included in other income, net for 2006 was a favorable $1.3 million judgment awarded in a lawsuit, offset by the 2006 related legal expenses of approximately $1.2 million, and the favorable settlement of another lawsuit with a vendor.
Interest Expense
Interest expense totaled approximately $315,000 for 2007 compared to interest expense of approximately $237,000 for 2006. The increase was a result of higher debt levels and interest rates in 2007.
Income Taxes
The provision for income taxes was $157,000 and $99,000 for 2007 and 2006, respectively. The tax provisions were primarily for minimum domestic state taxes due and international tax liabilities. There were no tax provisions for United States federal tax as the Company reported losses for the twelve months ended December 31, 2007 and 2006.
Minority Interest
Minority interest of approximately $47,000 and $(101,000) resulted from the net operating profits and losses of the Company’s 51% owned subsidiaries and its 50% owned subsidiaries for the twelve months ended December 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively.
Net (Loss) Income
The SPAR Group had a net loss for 2007 of approximately $2.5 million, or $0.13 per share, compared to a net loss for 2006 of approximately $621,000, or $0.03 per share.
Off Balance Sheet Arrangements
None.
-23-
Results of operations for the twelve months ended December 31, 2006, compared to twelve months ended December 31, 2005
Net Revenues
Net revenues for the twelve months ended December 31, 2006, were $57.3 million, compared to $51.6 million for the twelve months ended December 31, 2005, an increase of $5.7 million. International net revenues totaled $23.2 million for 2006 increasing 56.1% from $14.9 million in 2005. The increase in international net revenues of $8.3 million was primarily due to additional revenues from international subsidiaries that began operations in 2006 totaling $4.5 million (primarily Australia $3.9 million, Lithuania $442,000 and China $112,000), increased net revenues from subsidiaries with operations continuing from 2005 totaling $3.5 million (primarily Japan $2.3 million, India $0.8 million, Turkey $0.2 million, Romania $0.2 million and Canada $0.1 million) and the inclusion of the Japanese subsidiary’s calendar year fourth quarter 2005 net revenues totaling $1.3 million as a result of the change in the year end reporting for Japan, offset by a decrease in South Africa net revenues totaling $1.0 million, due to the loss of a major client in 2005. Domestic net revenues totaled $34.1 million in 2006 compared to $36.7 million in 2005. The decrease in domestic net revenues of $2.6 million is primarily the result of lower project work and per unit fee billings, partially offset by revenue from new clients in 2006. Included in domestic revenue is $770,000 from the termination of a customer service agreement in 2006.
Cost of Revenues
Cost of revenues consists of in-store labor and field management wages, related benefits, travel and other direct labor-related expenses. Cost of revenues was 65.4% of net revenues for the twelve months ended December 31, 2006, compared to 61.9% for the twelve months ended December 31, 2005. Domestic cost of revenues was 66.2% and 62.9% of net revenues for the twelve months ended December 31, 2006, and 2005, respectively. The increase was primarily attributable to the change in the mix of business, with higher cost project revenues accounting for a greater portion of revenues in the twelve months ended December 31, 2006, as well as a decrease in per unit fee revenues that did not have a proportionate decrease in cost compared to the prior year. As discussed above under Critical Accounting Policies/Revenue Recognition, the Company’s revenue consists of per unit fee revenue, which is earned when the client’s product is sold to the consumer at retail, not when the services are performed. Retail sales of client products are influenced by numerous factors including consumer tastes and preferences, and not solely by the merchandising and marketing service performed. In any given period, the cost of per unit fee revenues may not be directly proportionate to the per unit fee revenue. Internationally, the cost of revenues as a percentage of net revenues was 64.1% and 59.6% for the twelve months ended December 31, 2006, and 2005, respectively. The international cost of revenues percentage increase was primarily attributable to an increase in competitive pricing pressures in Canada and higher cost revenues in Japan accounting for a greater portion of revenue in the twelve months ended December 31, 2006, compared to the prior year.
Approximately 84% of the Company’s domestic cost of revenue in both the twelve months ended December 31, 2006 and 2005, resulted from in-store independent contractor and field management services purchased from the Company’s affiliates, SPAR Marketing Services, Inc. (“SMS”), and SPAR Management Services, Inc. (“SMSI”), respectively. (See Item 13 – Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence below)
Operating Expenses
Operating expenses consist of selling, general and administrative expenses, depreciation and amortization. Selling, general and administrative expenses include corporate overhead, project management, information technology, executive compensation, human resource, legal and accounting expenses. The following table sets forth the operating expenses for the years indicated (in millions):
|
|
Year Ended December 31, |
|
Increase |
|
||||||||
|
|
2006 |
|
% |
|
2005 |
|
% |
|
% |
|
||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Selling, general & administrative |
|
$ |
19.8 |
|
34.6 |
% |
$ |
16.7 |
|
32.4 |
% |
18.8 |
% |
Depreciation and amortization |
|
|
0.7 |
|
1.3 |
|
|
1.0 |
|
2.0 |
|
(27.6 |
)% |
Total operating expenses |
|
$ |
20.5 |
|
35.9 |
% |
$ |
17.7 |
|
34.4 |
% |
16.1 |
% |
-24-
Selling, general and administrative expenses increased by approximately $3.1 million, or 18.8%, for the twelve months ended December 31, 2006, to $19.8 million compared to $16.7 million for the twelve months ended December 31, 2005. The $3.1 million increase in selling, general and administrative expenses consisted of an increase in international selling, general and administrative expenses totaling $3.5 million offset by a decreases in domestic selling, general and administrative expenses of $0.4 million. International selling, general and administrative expenses for the twelve months ended December 31, 2006, were $8.7 million compared to $5.2 million for the prior year. The increase of approximately $3.5 million, or 68.8%, was primarily due to $1.6 million of additional selling, general and administrative expenses related to the new international subsidiaries in Australia $1.3 million, China $206,000 and Lithuania $139,000 which began operations in 2006, $1.3 million from increased spending in Japan, additional Japan costs of $544,000 resulting from the additional quarter of expense due to the change in year-end reporting, and approximately $282,000 from increased spending in corporate international business development expenses partially offset by reduced spending in South Africa of approximately $327,000. All other international subsidiaries contributed an increase of $117,000. Domestic selling, general and administrative expenses totaled $11.1 million for 2006 and were reduced $400,000 from $11.5 million in 2005.
Depreciation and amortization charges were $746,000 for the twelve months ended December 31, 2006, compared to $1.0 million for the twelve months ended December 31, 2005. The decrease of approximately $285,000, or 27.6%, was due to lower purchases of property and equipment in recent years.
Other Income/Other Expense
Other income was approximately $338,000 for twelve months ended December 31, 2006 compared to other expense of approximately $446,000 for the twelve months ended December 31, 2005. Included in other income for 2006 was a favorable $1.3 million judgment awarded in a lawsuit offset by the 2006 related legal expenses of approximately $1.2 million, and the favorable settlement of another lawsuit with a vendor. Other expenses in 2005 resulted from the reclassification of certain legal expenses to other expense from selling, general and administrative expenses to conform to the 2006 presentation.
Interest Expense
Interest expense totaled approximately $237,000 for 2006 compared to interest expense of approximately $191,000 for 2005. The increase was a result of higher debt levels and interest rates in 2006.
Income Taxes
The provision for income taxes was $99,000 and $242,000 for 2006 and 2005, respectively. The tax provisions were primarily for minimum domestic state taxes due and international tax liabilities. There were no tax provisions for federal tax as the Company reported losses for the twelve months ended December 31, 2006 and 2005.
Minority Interest
Minority interest of approximately $(101,000) and $168,000 resulted from the net operating profits and losses of the Company’s 51% owned subsidiaries and its 50% owned subsidiaries for the twelve months ended December 31, 2006 and 2005, respectively.
Net (Loss) Income
The SPAR Group had a net loss for 2006 of approximately $621,000, or $0.03 per share, compared to a net income for 2005 of approximately $878,000, or $0.05 per basic and diluted shares.
Off Balance Sheet Arrangements
None.
-25-
Liquidity and capital resources
For the twelve months ended December 31, 2007, the Company had a net loss of $2.5 million.
Net cash provided by operating activities for the year ended December 31, 2007 was $12,000, compared to net cash used in operating activities of $2.5 million in 2006. The change of approximately $2.5 million in cash used in operating activities is primarily due to decreases in net income offset by increases in accounts payable and accrued expenses due to affiliates.
Net cash used in investing activities for the year ended December 31, 2007 and 2006, was $814,000 and $516,000, respectively. The change in net cash used in investing activities was a result of increased purchases of property and equipment in 2007.
Net cash provided by financing activities for the year ended December 31, 2007 was $834,000, compared with net cash provided by financing activities of $2.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2006. The cash provided by financing activities was a result of the Company’s increased borrowing on its lines of credit.
The above activity resulted in a increase in cash and cash equivalents for the twelve months ended December 31, 2007 of $98,000.
The Company had negative working capital of $450,000 and positive working capital of $1.6 million as of December 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively. The Company’s current ratio was 0.97 and 1.13 at December 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively. The decrease in working capital and current ratio were primarily due to increases in lines of credit, accounts payable, accrued expenses due to affiliates and customer deposits partially offset by an increase in accounts receivable.
In January 2003, the Company (other than SGRP’s foreign subsidiaries) and Webster Business Credit Corporation, then known as Whitehall Business Credit Corporation (“Webster”), entered into the Third Amended and Restated Revolving Credit and Security Agreement (as amended, collectively, the “Credit Facility”). The Credit Facility provides for a $7.0 million revolving line of credit maturing on January 23, 2009. In March 2007 the credit facility was further amended to among other things, delay the Minimum Fixed Coverage ratio until the fourth quarter 2007, establish an EBITDA covenant and increase the interest rate by .25% beginning March 28, 2007. In May 2007 the credit facility was amended to provide for an availability reserve of $500,000. In August 2007 the credit facility was further amended to reduce the availability reserve to $250,000 until November 30, 2007. On November 16, 2007 Webster amended the credit facility to extend the availability reserve of $250,000 indefinitely and to reduce the revolving line of credit to $5.0 million. On February 12, 2008, the Credit Facility was further amended to reset the financial covenants for the fourth quarter of 2007 and to establish monthly EBITDA covenants for 2008. Borrowings are based upon a borrowing base formula as defined in the agreement (principally 85% of “eligible” domestic accounts receivable less certain reserves). The Credit Facility is secured by all of the assets of the Company and its domestic subsidiaries. The Credit Facility also limits certain expenditures, including, but not limited to, capital expenditures and other investments.
The basic interest rate under the Credit Facility is Webster’s “Alternative Base Rate” plus 1.0% per annum (a total of 8.25% per annum at December 31, 2007), which automatically changes with each change made by Webster in such Alternative Base Rate. The Company at its option, subject to certain conditions, may elect to have portions of its loans under the Credit Facility bear interest at various LIBOR rates plus 3.25% per annum based on fixed periods of one, two, three or nine months. The actual average interest rate under the Credit Facility was 8.96% per annum for the twelve months ended December 31, 2007. The Credit Facility is secured by substantially all of the assets of the Company (other than SGRP’s foreign subsidiaries and their assets).
The domestic revolving loan balances outstanding under the Credit Facility were $4.9 million and $4.2 million at December 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively. There were letters of credit outstanding under the Credit Facility of approximately $0 and $453,000 at December 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively. As of December 31, 2007, the SPAR Group had unused availability under the Credit Facility of $102,000 out of the remaining unused revolving line of credit.
-26-
Because of the requirement to maintain a lock box arrangement with Webster and Webster’s ability to invoke a subjective acceleration clause at its discretion, borrowings under the Credit Facility are classified as current at December 31, 2007 and 2006, in accordance with EITF 95-22, Balance Sheet Classification of Borrowings Outstanding Under Revolving Credit Agreements That Include Both a Subjective Acceleration Clause and a Lock-Box Agreement.
The Company was not in violation of its covenants at December 31, 2007 and does not expect to be in violation at future measurement dates. However, there can be no assurances that the Company will be able to comply with its covenants and that if the Company violates the amended covenants, Webster will continue to issue such waivers in the future.
In addition, Mr. Robert G. Brown, a Director, the Chairman (and former President and Chief Executive Officer) and a major stockholder of SGRP, and Mr. William H. Bartels, a Director, the Vice Chairman and a major stockholder of SGRP, have provided personal guarantees of the Credit Facility totaling $1.0 million.
The Japanese subsidiary SPAR FM Japan, Inc. has line of credit agreements totaling 100 million Yen or approximately $891,000 (based upon the exchange rate at December 31, 2007). The outstanding balances under the line of credit agreements were 90 million Yen, or approximately $802,000 and 70 million Yen, or approximately $588,000 at December 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively (based upon the exchange rate at those dates). The average interest rate was 1.9% per annum for the twelve months ended December 31, 2007. In addition, the Japanese subsidiary had cash balances totaling 137 million Yen, or approximately $1,246,000 (based upon the exchange rate at December 31, 2007) and 97 million Yen, or approximately $815,000 (based upon the exchange rate at December 31, 2006) at December 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively.
In 2006, the Australian subsidiary, SPARFACTS Australia Pty. Ltd., entered into a revolving line of credit arrangement with Oxford Funding Pty. Ltd. for $1.1 million (Australian), or approximately $964,000 (based upon the exchange rate at December 31, 2007). At December 31, 2007, SPARFACTS Australia Pty. Ltd. had $315,000 (Australian), or approximately $276,000, outstanding under the line of credit (based upon the exchange rate at that date). The average interest rate was 10.6% per annum for the twelve months ended December 31, 2007.
On October 20, 2006, SPAR Canada Company, a wholly owned subsidiary, entered into a secured credit agreement with Royal Bank of Canada providing for a Demand Operating Loan for a maximum borrowing of $1.0 million (Canadian) or approximately $1,019,400 (based upon the exchange rate at December 31, 2007). The Demand Operating Loan provides for borrowing based upon a formula as defined in the agreement (principally 75% of eligible accounts receivable less certain deductions) and a minimum total debt to tangible net worth covenant. On March 28, 2008 Royal Bank of Canada amended the secured credit agreement to reduce the maximum borrowing to $500,000 (Canadian). At December 31, 2007, SPAR Canada Company had $140,000 (Canadian), or approximately $143,000, outstanding under the line of credit (based upon the exchange rate at December 31, 2007). The average interest rate was 7.08% per annum for the twelve months ended December 31, 2007.
At December 31, 2007, SPAR Canada Company was in violation of its covenant. Royal Bank of Canada has waived this violation. The Company expects that it will comply with its covenants in future periods. However, there can be no assurances that the Company will be able to comply with its covenants and that if the Company violates its covenants, Royal Bank will continue to issue such waivers in the future.
The Company’s international model is to partner with local merchandising companies and combine the partner’s knowledge of the local market with the Company’s proprietary software and expertise in the merchandising and marketing business. In 2001, the Company established its first international subsidiary and has continued this strategy. As of this filing, the Company is currently operating in Japan, Canada, Turkey, South Africa, India, Romania, China, Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia, Australia and New Zealand through 9 subsidiaries.
Certain of the international subsidiaries are marginally profitable while others are operating at a loss. None of these entities have excess cash reserves. In the event of continued losses, the Company may find it necessary to provide additional cash infusions into these subsidiaries.
Management believes that based upon the existing credit facilities, sources of cash availability will be sufficient to support ongoing operations over the next twelve months. However, delays in collection of receivables due from any of the Company’s major clients, or a significant further reduction in business from such clients, or the inability to acquire new clients, or the Company’s inability to remain profitable, or the inability to obtain bank waivers in the event of future covenant violations could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s cash resources and its ongoing ability to fund operations.
-27-
Certain Contractual Obligations
The following table contains a summary of certain of the Company’s contractual obligations by category as of December 31, 2007 (in thousands).
Contractual Obligations |
|
Payments due by Period |
||||||||||||
|
Total |
|
Less than 1 year |
|
1-3 years |
|
3-5 years |
|
More than 5 years |
|||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Credit Facilities |
|
$ |
6,119 |
|
$ |
6,119 |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
— |
Capital Lease Obligations |
|
|
659 |
|
|
272 |
|
$ |
387 |
|
|
— |
|
— |
Operating Lease Obligations |
|
|
2,521 |
|
|
562 |
|
|
1,470 |
|
$ |
489 |
|
— |
Total |
|
$ |
9,299 |
|
$ |
6,953 |
|
$ |
1,857 |
|
$ |
489 |
|
— |
Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk
The Company’s accounting policies for financial instruments and disclosures relating to financial instruments require that the Company’s consolidated balance sheets include the following financial instruments: cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable and lines of credit. The Company considers carrying amounts of current assets and liabilities in the consolidated financial statements to approximate the fair value for these financial instruments because of the relatively short period of time between origination of the instruments and their expected realization. The Company monitors the risks associated with interest rates and financial instrument positions. The Company’s investment policy objectives require the preservation and safety of the principal, and the maximization of the return on investment based upon the safety and liquidity objectives.
The Company is exposed to market risk related to the variable interest rate on its lines of credit. At December 31, 2007, the Company’s outstanding debt totaled $6.1 million, as noted in the table below (in thousands):
Location |
Variable Interest Rate (1) |
Local Currency Amount |
US Dollar Equivalent (2) |
|||
United States |
8.3% |
4,898 USD |
$4,898 |
|||
Japan |
1.9% |
90,000 YEN |
802 |
|||
Australia |
11.9% |
315 AUD |
276 |
|||
Canada |
7.1% |
140 CAD |
143 |
|||
|
|
|
$6,119 |
(1) |
Per annum interest at December 31, 2007 |
(2) |
Based on exchange rate at December 31, 2007 |
Based on 2007 average outstanding borrowings under variable-rate debt, a one-percentage point increase in interest rates would negatively impact annual pre-tax earnings and cash flows by approximately $38,000.
The Company has foreign currency exposure associated with its international subsidiaries. In both 2007 and 2006, these exposures are primarily concentrated in the Canadian Dollar, South African Rand, Australian Dollar and Japanese Yen. At December 31, 2007, international assets totaled $7.9 million and international liabilities totaled $12.0 million. For 2007, international revenues totaled $31.3 million and the Company’s share of the net loss was approximately $979,000.
Investment Portfolio
The Company has no derivative financial instruments or derivative commodity instruments in its cash and cash equivalents and investments. Domestically, excess cash is normally used to pay down its revolving line of credit. Internationally, excess cash is used to fund operations.
Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
See Item 15 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
-28-
Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure
None.
Item 9A.(T) Controls and Procedures
Disclosure controls and procedures
An evaluation was conducted under the supervision and with the participation of the Company’s management, including the Chief Executive Officer (CEO) and Chief Financial Officer (CFO), of the effectiveness of the design and operation of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures as of December 31, 2007. Based on that evaluation, the CEO and CFO concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of such date to ensure that information required to be disclosed in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in Securities and Exchange Commission rules and forms.
Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
The Company’s management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) of the Exchange Act. The Company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance to the Company’s management and Board of Directors regarding the reliability of its financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles that:
• |
pertain to the maintenance of records that in reasonable detail accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the Company; |
• |
provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the Company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the Company; |
• |
provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of the Company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements. |
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate. Therefore, internal control over financial reporting determined to be effective provides only reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparations of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles.
The Company carried out an evaluation of the effectiveness as of December 31, 2007, of the design and operation of its internal control over financial reporting pursuant to Rule 13a-15 of the Exchange Act, which was conducted under the supervision and with the participation of the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer. This evaluation was based on the criteria set forth by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO) in the report entitled “Internal Control--Integrated Framework”. Based upon this evaluation, the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that the Company’s internal controls over financial reporting are effective as of December 31, 2007.
This annual report does not include an attestation report of the company’s registered public accounting firm regarding internal control over financial reporting. The company’s registered public accounting firm was not required to report on internal controls for 2007, pursuant to the temporary rules of the Securities and Exchange Commission.
Internal control over financial reporting
The Company’s management, including the CEO and CFO, confirm that there was no change in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting during the quarter ended December 31, 2007 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.
-29-
None.
PART III
Item 10. Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance
Reference is made to the information set forth in the Company’s definitive proxy statement, which will be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission for our Annual Meeting of Shareholders, presently scheduled to be held on May 29, 2008, pursuant to Regulation 14A not later than 120 days after the end of our fiscal year, which information is incorporated by reference to this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Notwithstanding the foregoing, information appearing in the sections “Executive Compensation Report of the Compensation Committee” and “Audit Committee Report” shall not be deemed to be incorporated by reference in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Item 11. Executive Compensation
Reference is made to the information set forth in the Company’s definitive proxy statement, which will be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission for our Annual Meeting of Shareholders, presently scheduled to be held on May 29, 2008, pursuant to Regulation 14A not later than 120 days after the end of our fiscal year, which information is incorporated by reference to this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Notwithstanding the foregoing, information appearing in the sections “Executive Compensation Report of the Compensation Committee” and “Audit Committee Report” shall not be deemed to be incorporated by reference in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Reference is made to the information set forth in the Company’s definitive proxy statement, which will be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission for our Annual Meeting of Shareholders, presently scheduled to be held on May 29, 2008, pursuant to Regulation 14A not later than 120 days after the end of our fiscal year, which information is incorporated by reference to this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Notwithstanding the foregoing, information appearing in the sections “Executive Compensation Report of the Compensation Committee” and “Audit Committee Report” shall not be deemed to be incorporated by reference in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence
Reference is made to the information set forth in the Company’s definitive proxy statement, which will be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission for our Annual Meeting of Shareholders, presently scheduled to be held on May 29, 2008, pursuant to Regulation 14A not later than 120 days after the end of our fiscal year, which information is incorporated by reference to this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Notwithstanding the foregoing, information appearing in the sections “Executive Compensation Report of the Compensation Committee” and “Audit Committee Report” shall not be deemed to be incorporated by reference in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Item 14. Principal Accountant Fees and Services
Reference is made to the information set forth in the Company’s definitive proxy statement, which will be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission for our Annual Meeting of Shareholders, presently scheduled to be held on May 29, 2008, pursuant to Regulation 14A not later than 120 days after the end of our fiscal year, which information is incorporated by reference to this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Notwithstanding the foregoing, information appearing in the sections “Executive Compensation Report of the Compensation Committee” and “Audit Committee Report” shall not be deemed to be incorporated by reference in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
-30-
PART IV
Item 15. Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules
|
1. |
Index to Financial Statements filed as part of this report: |
Reports of Independent Registered Public Accounting
Firms |
|
– Rehmann Robson |
F-1 |
– Güreli Yeminli Mali Müsavirlik A.S. |
F-2 |
– Baker Tilly Klitou and Partners S.R.L |
F-3 |
– Nagesh Behl & Co. |
F-4 |
– UAB “ Rezultatas” |
F-5 |
– Pitcher Partners |
F-6 |
Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2007, and
December 31, 2006 |
F-7 |
Consolidated Statements of Operations for the years ended
December 31, 2007, December 31, 2006, and December 31, 2005 |
F-8 |
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity for
the years ended December 31, 2007, December 31, 2006, and December 31,
2005 |
F-9 |
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended
December 31, 2007, December 31, 2006, and December 31, 2005 |
F-10 |
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements |
F-11 |
|
2. |
Financial Statement Schedules. |
Schedule II - Valuation and Qualifying Accounts for the three years ended December 31, 2007 |
F-31 |
|
3. |
Exhibits. |
|
Exhibit |
Description |
|
3.1 |
Certificate of Incorporation of SPAR Group, Inc. (referred
to therein under its former name of PIA Merchandising Services, Inc.), as
amended (incorporated by reference to the Company’s Registration
Statement on Form S-1 (Registration No. 33-80429), as filed with the
Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) on December 14, 1995
(the “Form S-1”), and the Certificate of Amendment filed with
the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware on July 8, 1999 (which,
among other things, changes the Company’s name to SPAR Group, Inc.)
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Company’s Form 10-Q
for the 3rd Quarter ended September 30, 1999). |
|
3.2 |
Amended and Restated By-Laws of SPAR Group, Inc., adopted on
May 18, 2004, as amended through November 8, 2007 (incorporated by
reference to the Company's report on Form 8-K, as filed with the SEC on
November 14, 2007). |
|
3.3 |
Amended and Restated Charter of the Audit Committee of the
Board of Directors of SPAR Group, Inc., adopted May 18, 2004, as amended
through November 8, 2007 (incorporated by reference to the Company’s
report on Form 8-K, as filed with the SEC on November 14, 2007). |
-31-
|
3.4 |
Charter of the Compensation Committee of the Board of
Directors of SPAR Group, Inc., adopted on May 18, 2004 (incorporated by
reference to the Company’s report on Form 8-K, as filed with the SEC
on May 27, 2004). |
|
3.5 |
Charter of the Governance Committee of the Board of
Directors of SPAR Group, Inc., adopted on May 18, 2004 (incorporated by
reference to the Company’s report on Form 8-K, as filed with the SEC
on May 27, 2004). |
|
3.6 |
SPAR Group, Inc. Statement of Policy Respecting Stockholder
Communications with Directors, adopted on May 18, 2004 (incorporated by
reference to the Company’s report on Form 8-K, as filed with the SEC
on May 27, 2004). |
|
3.7 |
SPAR Group, Inc. Statement of Policy Regarding Director
Qualifications and Nominations, adopted on May 18, 2004 (incorporated by
reference to the Company’s report on Form 8-K, as filed with the SEC
on May 27, 2004). |
3.8 |
Certificate of Designation of SPAR Group, Inc. Series A Preferred Stock dated
March 28, 2008 (as filed herewith). |
|
|
4.1 |
Registration Rights Agreement entered into as of January 21,
1992, by and between RVM Holding Corporation, RVM/PIA, a California Limited
Partnership, The Riordan Foundation and Creditanstalt-Bankverine
(incorporated by reference to the Form S-1). |
|
10.1
|
2000 Stock Option Plan, as amended through May 16, 2006
(incorporated by reference to the Company’s report on Form 10-Q for
quarter ended September 30, 2006 as filed with the SEC on November 14,
2006). |
|
10.2
|
2001 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (incorporated by reference
to the Company’s Proxy Statement for the Company’s Annual
meeting held on August 2, 2001, as filed with the SEC on July 12,
2001). |
|
10.3
|
2001 Consultant Stock Purchase Plan (incorporated by
reference to the Company’s Proxy Statement for the Company’s
Annual meeting held on August 2, 2001, as filed with the SEC on July 12,
2001). |
|
10.4
|
Change in Control Severance Agreement between William H.
Bartels and SPAR Group, Inc., dated as of March 30, 2007 (incorporated by
reference to the Company’s annual report on Form 10-K for year ended
December 31, 2006, as filed with the SEC on April 2, 2007). |
|
10.5
|
Change in Control Severance Agreement between Kori G. Belzer
and SPAR Group, Inc., dated as of March 30, 2007 (incorporated by reference
to the Company’s annual report on Form 10-K for year ended December
31, 2006, as filed with the SEC on April 2, 2007). |
|
10.6
|
Change in Control Severance Agreement between Patricia
Franco and SPAR Group, Inc., dated as of March 30, 2007 (incorporated by
reference to the Company’s annual report on Form 10-K for year ended
December 31, 2006, as filed with the SEC on April 2, 2007). |
|
10.7
|
Change in Control Severance Agreement between James R.
Segreto and SPAR Group, Inc., dated as of March 30, 2007 (incorporated by
reference to the Company’s annual report on Form 10-K for year ended
December 31, 2006, as filed with the SEC on April 2, 2007). |
|
10.8 |
Change in Control Severance Agreement between Charles
Cimitile and SPAR Group, Inc., dated as of June 4, 2007 (incorporated by
reference to the Company’s report on Form 8-K, as filed with the SEC
on June 6, 2007). |
|
10.9
|
Amended and Restated Field Service Agreement dated and
effective as of January 1, 2004, by and between SPAR Marketing Services,
Inc., and SPAR Marketing Force, Inc. (incorporated by reference to the
Company’s quarterly report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March
31, 2004, as filed with the SEC on May 21, 2004). |
-32-
|
10.10
|
Amended and Restated Field Management Agreement dated and
effective as of January 1, 2004, by and between SPAR Management Services,
Inc., and SPAR Marketing Force, Inc. (incorporated by reference to the
Company’s quarterly report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March
31, 2004, as filed with the SEC on May 21, 2004). |
|
10.11 |
Amended and Restated Programming and Support Agreement by
and between SPAR Marketing Force, Inc. and SPAR Infotech, Inc., dated and
effective as of September 15, 2007 (incorporated by reference to the
Company’s report on Form 8-K, as filed with the SEC on November 14,
2007). |
|
10.12
|
Trademark License Agreement dated as of July 8, 1999, by and
between SPAR Marketing Services, Inc., and SPAR Trademarks, Inc.
(incorporated by reference to the Company’s Form 10-K for the fiscal
year ended December 31, 2002, as filed with the SEC on March 31, 2002). |
|
10.13
|
Trademark License Agreement dated as of July 8, 1999, by and
between SPAR Infotech, Inc., and SPAR Trademarks, Inc. (incorporated by
reference to the Company’s Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended
December 31, 2002, as filed with the SEC on March 31, 2002). |
|
10.14
|
Master Lease Agreement by and between SPAR Marketing
Services, Inc. and SPAR Marketing Force, Inc. dated as of November 2004
relating to lease of handheld computer equipment (incorporated by reference
to the Company’s Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31,
2004, as filed with the SEC on April 12, 2005). |
|
10.15
|
Amended and Restated Equipment Leasing Schedule 001 to
Master Lease Agreement by and between SPAR Marketing Services, Inc., and
SPAR Marketing Force, Inc., dated as of November 1, 2004, relating to lease
of handheld computer equipment (incorporated by reference to the
Company’s quarterly report on Form 10-Q for quarter ended March 31,
2005, as filed with the SEC on May 18, 2005). |
|
10.16
|
Amended and Restated Equipment Leasing Schedule 002 to
Master Lease Agreement by and between SPAR Marketing Services, Inc., and
SPAR Marketing Force, Inc., dated as of January 4, 2005, relating to lease
of handheld computer equipment (incorporated by reference to the
Company’s quarterly report on Form 10-Q for quarter ended March 31,
2005, as filed with the SEC on May 18, 2005). |
|
10.17
|
Amended and Restated Equipment Leasing Schedule 003 to
Master Lease Agreement by and between SPAR Marketing Services, Inc., and
SPAR Marketing Force, Inc., dated as of January 31, 2005, relating to lease
of handheld computer equipment (incorporated by reference to the
Company’s quarterly report on Form 10-Q for quarter ended March 31,
2005, as filed with the SEC on May 18, 2005). |
|
10.18
|
Equipment Leasing Schedule 004 to Master Lease Agreement by
and between SPAR Marketing Services, Inc., and SPAR Marketing Force, Inc.,
dated as of March 24, 2005, relating to lease of handheld computer
equipment (incorporated by reference to the Company’s quarterly
report on Form 10-Q for quarter ended March 31, 2005, as filed with the SEC
on May 18, 2005). |
|
10.19
|
Master Lease Agreement by and between SPAR Marketing
Services, Inc. and SPAR Canada Company dated as of January 2005 relating to
lease of handheld computer equipment (incorporated by reference to the
Company’s Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2004, as
filed with the SEC on April 12, 2005). |
|
10.20
|
Amended and Restated Equipment Leasing Schedule 001 to
Master Lease Agreement by and between SPAR Marketing Services, Inc., and
SPAR Canada Company dated as of January 4, 2005, relating to lease of
handheld computer equipment (incorporated by reference to the
Company’s quarterly report on Form 10-Q for quarter ended March 31,
2005, as filed with the SEC on May 18, 2005). |
-33-
|
10.21
|
Joint Venture Agreement dated as of March 26, 2004, by and
between Solutions Integrated Marketing Services Ltd. and SPAR Group
International, Inc., respecting the Corporation’s subsidiary in India
(incorporated by reference to the Company’s Form 10-K for the fiscal
year ended December 31, 2004, as filed with the SEC on April 12, 2005). |
|
10.22
|
Joint Venture Shareholders Agreement between Friedshelf 401
(Proprietary) Limited, SPAR Group International, Inc., Derek O’Brien,
Brian Mason, SMD Meridian CC, Meridian Sales & Merchandising (Western
Cape) CC, Retail Consumer Marketing CC, Merhold Holding Trust in respect of
SGRP Meridian (Proprietary) Limited, dated as of June 25, 2004, respecting
the Corporation’s subsidiary in South Africa (incorporated by
reference to the Company’s Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended
December 31, 2004, as filed with the SEC on April 12, 2005). |
|
10.23
|
Joint Venture Agreement dated as of July 21, 2003, by and
between CEO Produksiyon Tanitim ve Arastirma Hizmetleri Ltd Sti and SPAR
Group International, Inc., respecting the Corporation’s subsidiary in
Turkey (incorporated by reference to the Company’s Form 10-K for the
fiscal year ended December 31, 2004, as filed with the SEC on April 12,
2005). |
|
10.24
|
Joint Venture Agreement dated as of May 1, 2001, by and
between Paltac Corporation and SPAR Group, Inc., respecting the
Corporation’s subsidiary in Japan (incorporated by reference to the
Company’s Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2004, as
filed with the SEC on April 12, 2005). |
|
10.25
|
Agreement on Amendment dated as of August 1, 2004, by and
between SPAR Group, Inc. and SPAR FM Japan, Inc., respecting the
Corporation’s subsidiary in Japan (incorporated by reference to the
Company’s Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2004, as
filed with the SEC on April 12, 2005). |
|
10.26
|
Joint Venture Agreement dated as of January 26, 2005, by and
between Best Mark Investments Holdings Ltd. and SPAR International Ltd.,
respecting the Corporation’s subsidiary in China (incorporated by
reference to the Company’s Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended
December 31, 2004, as filed with the SEC on April 12, 2005). |
|
10.27
|
Joint Venture Agreement dated as of December 14, 2004, by
and between Field Insights S.R.L. and SPAR Group International, Inc.,
respecting the Corporation’s subsidiary in Romania (incorporated by
reference to the Company’s Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended
December 31, 2004, as filed with the SEC on April 12, 2005). |
|
10.28
|
Joint Venture Agreement dated as of September 26, 2006 by
and between UAB Rinkos skatinimo sistemo and SPAR Group International,
Inc., respecting the Corporation’s subsidiary in Lithuania
(incorporated by reference to the Company’s annual report on Form
10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2006, as filed with the SEC on
April 2, 2007). |
|
10.29
|
Joint Venture Agreement dated as of March 29, 2006 by and
between FACE AND COSMETIC TRADING SERVICES PTY LIMITED and SPAR
International, Ltd., respecting the Corporation’s subsidiary in
Australia (incorporated by reference to the Company’s annual report
on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2006, as filed with the
SEC on April 2, 2007). |
|
10.30
|
Stock Purchase and Sale Agreement by and among Performance
Holdings, Inc. and SPAR Incentive Marketing, Inc., effective as of June 30,
2002 (incorporated by reference to the Company’s Form 10-Q for the
quarter ended June 30, 2002, as filed with the SEC on August 14, 2002). |
|
10.31
|
Revolving Credit, Guaranty and Security Agreement by and
among Performance Holdings, Inc. and SPAR Incentive Marketing, Inc.,
effective as of June 30, 2002 (incorporated by reference to the
Company’s Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2002, as filed
with the SEC on August 14, 2002). |
-34-
|
10.32
|
Term Loan, Guaranty and Security Agreement by and among
Performance Holdings, Inc. and SPAR Incentive Marketing, Inc., effective as
of June 30, 2002 (incorporated by reference to the Company’s Form
10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2002, as filed with the SEC on August
14, 2002). |
|
10.33
|
Promissory Note in the principal amount of $764,271.00 by
STIMULYS, Inc., in favor of SPAR Incentive Marketing, Inc., dated as of
September 10, 2004 (incorporated by reference to the Company’s Form
10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2004, as filed with the SEC on
April 12, 2005). |
|
10.34
|
Payoff and Release Letter by and between STIMULYS, Inc., and
SPAR Incentive Marketing, Inc., dated as of September 10, 2004
(incorporated by reference to the Company’s Form 10-K for the fiscal
year ended December 31, 2004, as filed with the SEC on April 12, 2005). |
|
10.35
|
Sales Proceeds Agreement by and between STIMULYS, Inc. and
SPAR Incentive Marketing, Inc., dated as of September 10, 2004
(incorporated by reference to the Company’s Form 10-K for the fiscal
year ended December 31, 2004, as filed with the SEC on April 12, 2005). |
|
10.36
|
Third Amended and Restated Revolving Credit and Security
Agreement by and among Whitehall Business Credit Corporation (the
“Lender”) with SPAR Marketing Force, Inc., SPAR Group, Inc.,
SPAR, Inc., SPAR/Burgoyne Retail Services, Inc., SPAR Incentive Marketing,
Inc., SPAR Trademarks, Inc., SPAR Marketing, Inc. (DE), SPAR Marketing,
Inc. (NV), SPAR Acquisition, Inc., SPAR Group International, Inc., SPAR
Technology Group, Inc., SPAR/PIA Retail Services, Inc., Retail Resources,
Inc., Pivotal Field Services Inc., PIA Merchandising Co., Inc., Pacific
Indoor Display Co. and Pivotal Sales Company (collectively, the
“Existing Borrowers”), dated as of January 24, 2003
(incorporated by reference to the Company’s Form 10-K for the fiscal
year ended December 31, 2002, as filed with the SEC on March 31, 2003). |
|
10.37
|
Waiver And Amendment No. 3 To Third Amended And Restated
Revolving Credit And Security Agreement entered into as of March 26, 2004
(incorporated by reference to the Company’s report on Form 8-K, as
filed with the SEC on May 26, 2004). |
|
10.38
|
Joinder, Waiver And Amendment No. 4 To Third Amended And
Restated Revolving Credit And Security Agreement entered into as of May 17,
2004 (incorporated by reference to the Company’s report on Form 8-K,
as filed with the SEC on May 26, 2004). |
|
10.39
|
Waiver and Amendment to Third Amended and Restated Revolving
Credit and Security Agreement by and among the Lender and the Borrowers
dated as of January 2004 (incorporated by reference to the Company’s
report on Form 10-K/A for the year ended December 31, 2003, as filed with
the SEC on June 28, 2004). |
|
10.40
|
Waiver and Amendment No. 5 to Third Amended and Restated
Revolving Credit and Security Agreement among Webster Business Credit
Corporation, SPAR Group, Inc., and certain of its subsidiaries dated as of
August 20, 2004 (incorporated by reference to the Company’s quarterly
report of the quarter ended June 30, 2004, as filed with the SEC on August
23, 2004). |
|
10.41
|
Waiver and Amendment No. 6 to Third Amended and Restated
Revolving Credit and Security Agreement among Webster Business Credit
Corporation, SPAR Group, Inc., and certain of its subsidiaries dated as of
November 12, 2004 (incorporated by reference to the Company’s
quarterly report for the quarter ended September 30, 2004, as filed with
the SEC on November 17, 2004). |
|
10.42
|
Waiver to the Third Amended and Restated Revolving Credit
and Security Agreement among Webster Business Credit Corporation, SPAR
Group, Inc., and certain of its subsidiaries dated as of March 31, 2004
(incorporated by reference to the Company’s Form 10-K for the fiscal
year ended December 31, 2004, as filed with the SEC on April 12, 2005). |
-35-
|
10.43
|
Waiver to the Third Amended and Restated Revolving Credit
and Security Agreement among Webster Business Credit Corporation, SPAR
Group, Inc., and certain of its subsidiaries dated as of March 31, 2005
(incorporated by reference to the Company’s quarterly report on Form
10-Q for quarter ended March 31, 2005, as filed with the SEC on May 18,
2005). |
|
10.44
|
Waiver to the Third Amended and Restated Revolving Credit
and Security Agreement among Webster Business Credit Corporation, SPAR
Group, Inc., and certain of its subsidiaries dated as of May 11, 2005
(incorporated by reference to the Company’s quarterly report on Form
10-Q for quarter ended March 31, 2005, as filed with the SEC on May 18,
2005). |
|
10.45
|
Waiver to the Third Amended and Restated Revolving Credit
and Security Agreement among Webster Business Credit Corporation, SPAR
Group, Inc., and certain of its subsidiaries dated as of August 10, 2005,
with respect to the fiscal quarter ended June 30, 2005 (incorporated by
reference to the Company’s quarterly report on Form 10-Q for quarter
ended June 30, 2005, as filed with the SEC on August 15, 2005). |
|
10.46
|
Waiver to the Third Amended and Restated Revolving Credit
and Security Agreement among Webster Business Credit Corporation, SPAR
Group, Inc., and certain of its subsidiaries dated as of November 10, 2005,
with respect to the fiscal quarter ended September 30, 2005 (incorporated
by reference to the Company’s quarterly report on Form 10-Q for
quarter ended September 30, 2005, as filed with the SEC on November 14,
2005). |
|
10.47
|
Amendment No. 7 to the Third Amended and Restated Revolving
Credit and Security Agreement dated as of January 18, 2006, by and among,
SPAR Marketing Force, Inc., SPAR, Inc., SPAR/Burgoyne Retail Services,
Inc., the Registrant, SPAR Incentive Marketing, Inc., SPAR Trademarks,
Inc., SPAR Marketing, Inc. (DE), SPAR Marketing, Inc. (NV), SPAR
Acquisition, Inc., SPAR Technology Group, Inc., SPAR/PIA Retail Services,
Inc., Retail Resources, Inc., Pivotal Field Services, Inc., PIA
Merchandising Co., Inc., Pacific Indoor Display, Inc., Pivotal Sales
Company, SPAR All Store Marketing Services, Inc., and SPAR Bert Fife, Inc.,
each as a “Borrower” and collectively as the
“Borrowers” thereunder, and Webster Business Credit Corporation
(formerly known as Whitehall Business Credit Corporation), as the
“Lender” thereunder (incorporated by reference to the
Company’s report on the Form 8-K, as filed with the SEC on January
26, 2006). |
|
10.48
|
Consent, Joinder, Release and Amendment Agreement dated as
of October 31, 2003, by and among the Lender, the Existing Borrowers and
SPAR All Store Marketing, Inc., as a Borrower (incorporated by reference to
the Company’s Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2003,
as filed with the SEC on March 31, 2004). |
|
10.49
|
Waiver And Amendment No. 8 To Third Amended And Restated
Revolving Credit And Security Agreement among Webster Business Credit
Corporation, SPAR Group, Inc., and certain of its subsidiaries dated as of
March 28, 2007 with respect to the fiscal year ended December 31, 2006
(incorporated by reference to the Company’s annual report on Form
10-K for year ended December 31, 2006, as filed with the SEC on April 2,
2007). |
|
10.50 |
Waiver And Amendment No. 9 To Third Amended And Restated
Revolving Credit And Security Agreement among Webster Business Credit
Corporation, SPAR Group, Inc., and certain of its subsidiaries dated as of
May 18, 2007 with respect to the fiscal year ended December 31, 2006
(incorporated by reference to the Company’s quarterly report on Form
10-Q for quarter ended March 31, 2007, as filed with the SEC on May 21,
2007). |
|
10.51 |
Limited Guaranty of Robert G. Brown in favor of Webster
Business Credit Corporation, dated as of May 18, 2007 (incorporated by
reference to the Company’s quarterly report on Form 10-Q for quarter
ended March 31, 2007, as filed with the SEC on May 21, 2007). |
|
10.52 |
Limited Guaranty of William H. Bartels in favor of Webster
Business Credit Corporation, dated as of May 18, 2007 (incorporated by
reference to the Company’s quarterly report on Form 10-Q for quarter
ended March 31, 2007, as filed with the SEC on May 21, 2007). |
-36-
|
10.53 |
Waiver And Amendment No. 10 To Third Amended And Restated
Revolving Credit And Security Agreement among Webster Business Credit
Corporation, SPAR Group, Inc., and certain of its subsidiaries dated as of
August 1, 2007 with respect to the fiscal quarter ended June 30, 2007
(incorporated by reference to the Company’s quarterly report on Form
10-Q for quarter ended June 30, 2007, as filed with the SEC on August 20,
2007). |
|
10.54 |
Waiver And Amendment No. 11 To Third Amended And Restated
Revolving Credit And Security Agreement among Webster Business Credit
Corporation, SPAR Group, Inc., and certain of its subsidiaries dated as of
November 16, 2007 with respect to the fiscal year ended December 31, 2006
(incorporated by reference to the Company’s quarterly report on Form
10-Q for quarter ended September 30, 2007, as filed with the SEC on
November 19, 2007). |
|
10.55 |
|
|
10.56
|
Confirmation of Credit Facilities Letter by Royal Bank of
Canada in favor of SPAR Canada Company dated as of October 17, 2006
(incorporated by reference to the Company’s annual report on Form
10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2006, as filed with the SEC on
April 2, 2007). |
|
10.57
|
General Security Agreement by SPAR Canada Company in favor
of Royal Bank of Canada dated as of October 20, 2006 (incorporated by
reference to the Company’s annual report on Form 10-K for the fiscal
year ended December 31, 2006, as filed with the SEC on April 2, 2007). |
10.58 | ||
|
14.1 |
Code of Ethical Conduct for the Directors,
Senior Executives and Employees, of SPAR Group, Inc., dated May 1, 2004
(incorporated by reference to the Company’s Form 8-K, as filed with
the SEC on May 5, 2004). |
|
14.2 |
Statement of Policy Regarding Personal Securities
Transaction in Company Stock and Non-Public Information, as amended and
restated on May 1, 2004 (incorporated by reference to the Company’s
Form 8-K, as filed with the SEC on May 5, 2004). |
|
21.1 |
|
|
23.1 |
|
|
23.2 |
|
|
23.3 |
|
|
23.4 |
|
|
23.5 |
|
|
23.6 |
|
|
31.1 |
|
|
31.2 |
Certification of the CFO
pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of
the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, and filed herewith. |
|
32.1 |
Certification of the CEO
pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of
the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, and filed herewith. |
-37-
|
||
32.2 |
Certification of the CFO
pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the
Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, and filed herewith. |
-38-
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this amendment to the report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
|
|
|
SPAR Group, Inc. |
|
|
|
|
|
By: /s/ Gary S. Raymond |
|
Gary S. Raymond |
|
Chief Executive Officer |
|
|
|
|
|
Date: March 31, 2008 |
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this amendment to the report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the Registrant and in the capacities indicated.
|
|
|
SIGNATURE |
|
TITLE |
|
|
|
/s/ Gary S. Raymond |
|
Chief Executive Officer and Director |
Gary S. Raymond |
|
|
Date: March 31, 2008 |
|
|
|
|
|
/s/ Robert G. Brown |
|
Chairman of the Board and Director |
Robert G. Brown |
|
|
Date: March 31,, 2008 |
|
|
|
|
|
/s/ William H. Bartels |
|
Vice Chairman and Director |
William H. Bartels |
|
|
Date: March 31,, 2008 |
|
|
|
|
|
/s/ Robert O. Aders |
|
Director |
Robert O. Aders |
|
|
Date: March 31, 2008 |
|
|
|
|
|
/s/ Jack W. Partridge |
|
Director |
Jack W. Partridge |
|
|
Date: March 31, 2008 |
|
|
|
|
|
/s/ Jerry B. Gilbert |
|
Director |
Jerry B. Gilbert |
|
|
Date: March 31, 2008 |
|
|
|
|
|
/s/ Lorrence T. Kellar |
|
Director |
Lorrence T. Kellar |
|
|
Date: March 31, 2008 |
|
|
|
|
|
/s/ C. Manly Molpus |
|
Director |
C. Manly Molpus |
|
|
Date: March 31, 2008 |
|
|
|
|
|
/s/ James R. Segreto |
|
Chief Financial Officer, |
James R. Segreto |
|
Treasurer and Secretary (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer) |
Date: March 31, 2008 |
|
|
-39-
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
Board of Directors and Stockholders
SPAR Group, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Tarrytown, New York
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of SPAR Group, Inc. and Subsidiaries as of December 31, 2007 and 2006, and the related consolidated statements of operations, stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2007. Our audits also included the financial statement schedule for these years as listed in the index at Item 15. These consolidated financial statements and schedule are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements and schedule based on our audits. We did not audit the financial statements of UAB SPAR RSS Baltic; SPAR Merchandising Romania, Ltd.; SPAR Turkey, Ltd. (SPAR Alan Pazarlama Hizmetleri Limited Sirketi); or SPAR Solutions India Private Limited as of and for the year ended December 31, 2007. These statements reflect total assets constituting 8.3% of consolidated total assets as of December 31, 2007, and total revenues constituting 10.0% of total consolidated revenue for the year then ended. Such financial statements were audited by other auditors whose reports have been furnished to us, and our opinion, insofar as it relates to the amounts included for UAB SPAR RSS Baltic; SPAR Merchandising Romania, Ltd.; SPAR Turkey, Ltd. (SPAR Alan Pazarlama Hizmetleri Limited Sirketi); and SPAR Solutions India Private Limited for 2007, is based solely on the reports of the other auditors. We did not audit the financial statements of SPARFACTS Australia PTY LTD.; SPAR Merchandising Romania, Ltd.; SPAR Turkey, Ltd. (SPAR Alan Pazarlama Hizmetleri Limited Sirketi); or SPAR Solutions India Private Limited as of and for the year ended December 31, 2006. These statements reflect total assets constituting 15.6% of consolidated total assets as of December 31, 2006, and total revenues constituting 12.2% of total consolidated revenue for the year then ended. Such financial statements were audited by other auditors whose reports have been furnished to us, and our opinion, insofar as it relates to the amounts included for UAB SPAR RSS Baltic; SPARFACTS Australia PTY LTD.;SPAR Merchandising Romania, Ltd.; SPAR Turkey, Ltd. (SPAR Alan Pazarlama Hizmetleri Limited Sirketi); and SPAR Solutions India Private Limited for 2006, is based solely on the reports of the other auditors.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, based on our audits and the reports of the other auditors for 2007 and 2006, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of SPAR Group, Inc. and Subsidiaries as of December 31, 2007 and 2006, and the consolidated results of their operations and their cash flows for the for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2007, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles. Also, in our opinion, the related financial schedule for those years, when considered in relation to the consolidated financial statements taken as a whole presents fairly, in all material respects, the information set forth therein.
|
/s/ Rehmann Robson |
Troy, Michigan
March 30, 2008
F-1
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
To the Board of Directors
SPAR Alan Pazarlama Hizmetleri Limited Sirketi
We have audited the accompanying balance sheets of SPAR Alan Pazarlama Hizmetleri Limited Sirketi (the “Company”) as at December 31, 2007 and December 31, 2006 and the related statement of operations and stockholders’ equity and cash flows for the years then ended. These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audit.
We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2007 and the result of its operations for the year then ended in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.
|
/s/ Güreli Yeminli Mali MüŞavirlik A.Ş. |
Istanbul, Turkey
February 20, 2008
F-2
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
The Board of Directors and Stockholders
SPAR Merchandising Romania S.R.L.
Bucharest, Romania
We have audited the accompanying balance sheet of Spar Merchandising Romania SRL (“the Company”) as of 31 December 2007 and 2006, and the related statements of operations, shareholders’ equity, and cash flows for the years ended 31 December 2007 and 2006. These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversite Board. (United States) Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of 31 December 2007, and 31 December 2006, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for the year ended 31 December 2007 and for the year ended 31 December 2006 in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.
|
|
/s/ Baker Tilly Klitou and Partners S.R.L. |
Bucharest, Romania
March 15, 2008
F-3
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
The Board of Directors and Stockholders
SPAR Solutions Merchandising Private Limited
New Delhi, India
The board of directors and stockholders of SPAR Solutions Merchandising Private Limited
We have audited the accompanying balance sheets of SPAR Solutions Merchandising Private Limited, a company incorporated under the laws of India, as of December 31, 2006 and 2007 and the related statements of income, stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for the years then ended. These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with generally accepted auditing standards of the Public Company Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examination on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by the management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of SPAR Solutions Merchandising Private Limited as of December 31, 2007 and 2006, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for the years then ended in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in United States.
|
/s/ Nagesh Behl & Co. |
New Delhi, India
February 20, 2008
F-4
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
The Board of Directors and Stockholders
UAB “SPAR RRS BALTIC”
Vilnius, Lithuania
We have audited the accompanying balance sheets of UAB “SPAR RSS BALTIC” as of December 31, 2007 and 2006, and the related statements of income, stockholders’ equity and cash flows for the years then ended. These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of UAB “SPAR RSS BALTIC” as of December 31, 2007 and 2006, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for the years then ended in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.
|
/s/ UAB “Rezultatas” |
Vilnius, Lithuania
February 15, 2008
F-5
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
The Board of Directors and Stockholders
SPARFACTS Pty Ltd
Melbourne, Australia
We have audited the accompanying balance sheet of Sparfacts Pty Ltd (“the Company”) as of December 31, 2006, and the related statements of operations, stockholders’ equity and cash flows for the period from March 30, 2006 to December 31, 2006. These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audit.
We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as at December 31, 2006, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for the period from March 30, 2006 to December 31, 2006, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.
|
/s/ Pitcher Partners |
Melbourne, Australia
March 15, 2007
F-6
SPAR Group, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Balance Sheets
(In thousands, except share and per share data)
|
|
December 31, |
|
||||
|
|
2007 |
|
2006 |
|
||
Assets |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Current assets: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash and cash equivalents |
|
$ |
1,246 |
|
$ |
1,148 |
|
Accounts receivable, net |
|
|
13,748 |
|
|
12,982 |
|
Prepaid expenses and other current assets |
|
|
975 |
|
|
553 |
|
Total current assets |
|
|
15,969 |
|
|
14,683 |
|
Property and equipment, net |
|
|
1,528 |
|
|
901 |
|
Goodwill |
|
|
798 |
|
|
798 |
|
Other assets |
|
|
1,648 |
|
|
1,695 |
|
Total assets |
|
$ |
19,943 |
|
$ |
18,077 |
|
Liabilities and stockholders’ equity |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Current liabilities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Accounts payable |
|
$ |
3,631 |
|
$ |
2,551 |
|
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities |
|
|
3,981 |
|
|
2,864 |
|
Accrued expenses due to affiliates |
|
|
2,107 |
|
|
1,752 |
|
Customer deposits |
|
|
580 |
|
|
560 |
|
Lines of credit |
|
|
6,119 |
|
|
5,318 |
|
Total current liabilities
|
|
|
16,418
|
|
|
13,045
|
|
Minority interest and other long-term liabilities |
|
|
975 |
|
|
504 |
|
Total liabilities
|
|
|
17,393
|
|
|
13,549
|
|
Commitments and contingencies (Note 6) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Stockholders’ equity: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Preferred stock, $.01 par value: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Authorized shares - 3,000,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Issued and outstanding shares - none |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
Common stock, $.01 par value: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Authorized shares - 47,000,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Issued and outstanding shares - |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
19,089,177 - 2007 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
18,934,182 - 2006 |
|
|
191 |
|
|
189 |
|
Treasury stock |
|
|
(1 |
) |
|
(1 |
) |
Accumulated other comprehensive loss |
|
|
(43 |
) |
|
(109 |
) |
Additional paid-in capital |
|
|
11,982 |
|
|
11,484 |
|
Accumulated deficit |
|
|
(9,579 |
) |
|
(7,035 |
) |
Total stockholders’ equity |
|
|
2,550 |
|
|
4,528 |
|
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity |
|
$ |
19,943 |
|
$ |
18,077 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
See accompanying notes.
F-7
SPAR Group, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Statements of Operations
(In thousands, except per share data)
|
|
Year Ended December 31, |
|||||||
|
|
2007 |
|
2006 |
|
2005 |
|||
|
|
$ |
60,716 |
|
$ |
57,316 |
|
$ |
51,586 |
Cost of revenues |
|
|
41,468 |
|
|
37,463 |
|
|
31,939 |
Gross profit |
|
|
19,248 |
|
|
19,853 |
|
|
19,647 |
Selling, general and administrative expenses |
|
|
20,466 |
|
|
19,831 |
|
|
16,691 |
Depreciation and amortization |
|
|
768 |
|
|
746 |
|
|
1,031 |
Operating (loss) income |
|
|
(1,986 |
) |
|
(724 |
) |
|
1,925 |
Interest expense |
|
|
315 |
|
|
237 |
|
|
191 |
Other expense (income) |
|
|
39 |
|
|
(338 |
) |
|
446 |
(Loss) income before provision for income taxes and minority interest |
|
|
(2,340 |
) |
|
(623 |
) |
|
1,288 |
Provision for income taxes |
|
|
157 |
|
|
99 |
|
|
242 |
(Loss) income before minority interest |
|
|
(2,497 |
) |
|
(722 |
) |
|
1,046 |
Minority interest |
|
|
47 |
|
|
(101 |
) |
|
168 |
Net (loss) income |
|
$ |
(2,544 |
) |
$ |
(621 |
) |
$ |
878 |
Basic/diluted net (loss) income per common share: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net (loss) income - basic/diluted |
|
$ |
(0.13 |
) |
$ |
(0.03 |
) |
$ |
0.05 |
Weighted average common shares - basic |
|
|
19,011 |
|
|
18,934 |
|
|
18,904 |
Weighted average common shares - diluted |
|
|
19,011 |
|
|
18,934 |
|
|
19,360 |
See accompanying notes.
F-8
SPAR Group, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity
(In thousands)
Common Stock |
Additional |
|
Accumulated |
Total |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
Shares |
Amount |
Treasury |
Paid-In |
Accumulated |
Comprehensive |
Stockholders’ |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance at January 1, 2005 |
|
18,859 |
|
$ |
189 |
|
$ |
(108 |
) |
$ |
11,011 |
|
$ |
(7,292 |
) |
$ |
(86 |
) |
$ |
3,714 |
|
||||||||
Stock options exercised and employee stock purchase plan purchases |
|
58 |
|
|
— |
|
|
107 |
|
|
(22 |
) |
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
|
85 |
|
||||||||
Issuance of stock options to non- employees for services |
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
|
70 |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
|
70 |
|
||||||||
Comprehensive gain: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||||||
Foreign currency translation gain |
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
|
103 |
|
|
103 |
|
||||||||
Net income |
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
|
878 |
|
|
— |
|
|
878 |
|
||||||||
Comprehensive gain |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
981 |
|
||||||||
Balance at December 31, 2005 |
|
18,917 |
|
$ |
189 |
|
$ |
(1 |
) |
$ |
11,059 |
|
$ |
(6,414 |
) |
$ |
17 |
|
$ |
4,850 |
|
||||||||
Stock options exercised and employee stock purchase plan purchases |
|
17 |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
|
1 |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
|
1 |
|
||||||||
Issuance of stock options to non- employees for services |
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
|
110 |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
|
110 |
|
||||||||
Issuance of stock options to employees for services |
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
|
314 |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
|
314 |
|
||||||||
Comprehensive loss: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||||||
Foreign currency translation loss |
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
|
(126 |
) |
|
(126 |
) |
||||||||
Net loss |
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
|
(621 |
) |
|
— |
|
|
(621 |
) |
||||||||
Comprehensive loss |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(747 |
) |
||||||||
Balance at December 31, 2006 |
|
18,934 |
|
$ |
189 |
|
$ |
(1 |
) |
$ |
11,484 |
|
$ |
(7,035 |
) |
$ |
(109 |
) |
$ |
4,528 |
|
||||||||
Stock options exercised and employee stock purchase plan purchases |
|
155 |
|
|
2 |
|
|
— |
|
|
199 |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
|
201 |
|
||||||||
Issuance of stock options to non- employees for services |
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
|
18 |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
|
18 |
|
||||||||
Issuance of stock options to employees for services |
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
|
281 |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
|
281 |
|
||||||||
Comprehensive loss: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||||||
Foreign currency translation gain |
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
|
66 |
|
|
66 |
|
||||||||
Net loss |
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
|
(2,544 |
) |
|
— |
|
|
(2,544 |
) |
||||||||
Comprehensive loss |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(2,478 |
) |
||||||||
Balance at December 31, 2007 |
|
19,089 |
|
$ |
191 |
|
$ |
(1 |
) |
$ |
11,982 |
|
$ |
(9,579 |
) |
$ |
(43 |
) |
$ |
2,550 |
|
See accompanying notes.
F-9
SPAR Group, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
(In thousands)
|
|
Year Ended December 31, |
|
|||||||
|
|
2007 |
|
2006 |
|
2005 |
|
|||
Operating activities |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net (loss) income |
|
$ |
(2,544 |
) |
$ |
(621 |
) |
$ |
878 |
|
Adjustments to reconcile net (loss) income to net
cash |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Minority interest earnings in subsidiaries |
|
|
178 |
|
|
93 |
|
|
168 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Depreciation |
|
|
768 |
|
|
746 |
|
|
1,031 |
|
Issuance of stock options for service |
|
|
299 |
|
|
424 |
|
|
70 |
|
Changes in operating assets and liabilities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Accounts receivable |
|
|
(766 |
) |
|
(2,326 |
) |
|
650 |
|
Prepaid expenses and other assets |
|
|
(375 |
) |
|
(1,331 |
) |
|
375 |
|
Accounts payable, accrued expenses, other current |
|
|
2,097 |
|
|
82 |
|
|
201 |
|
Accrued expenses due to affiliates |
|
|
355 |
|
|
562 |
|
|
203 |
|
Restructuring charges |
|
|
— |
|
|
(99 |
) |
|
(151 |
) |
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities |
|
|
12 |
|
|
(2,470 |
) |
|
3,425 |
|
Investing activities |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Purchases of property and equipment |
|
|
(814 |
) |
|
(516 |
) |
|
(628 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Financing activities |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net borrowings (payments) on lines of credit |
|
|
801 |
|
|
2,349 |
|
|
(1,987 |
) |
Payment on leases |
|
|
(168 |
) |
|
(4 |
) |
|
29 |
|
Proceeds from employee stock purchase plan and
exercised |
|
|
201 |
|
|
1 |
|
|
85 |
|
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities |
|
|
834 |
|
|
2,346 |
|
|
(1,873 |
) |
Translation gain (loss) |
|
|
66 |
|
|
(126 |
) |
|
103 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net change in cash and cash equivalents |
|
|
98 |
|
|
(766 |
) |
|
1,027 |
|
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year |
|
|
1,148 |
|
|
1,914 |
|
|
887 |
|
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year |
|
$ |
1,246 |
|
$ |
1,148 |
|
$ |
1,914 |
|
Supplemental disclosure of cash flows information |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Interest paid |
|
$ |
238 |
|
$ |
208 |
|
$ |
132 |
|
Income taxes paid |
|
$ |
131 |
|
$ |
131 |
|
$ |
127 |
|
Property and equipment financed by capital leases |
|
$ |
581 |
|
$ |
— |
|
$ |
— |
|
See accompanying notes.
F-10
SPAR Group, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
December 31, 2007
1. Business and Organization
The SPAR Group, Inc., a Delaware corporation (“SGRP”), and its subsidiaries (together with SGRP, the “SPAR Group” or the “Company”), is a supplier of merchandising and other marketing services throughout the United States and internationally. The Company also provides in-store event staffing, product sampling, Radio Frequency Identification (“RFID”) services, technology services and marketing research services.
Today the Company operates in 13 countries whose population represents approximately 48% of the total world population. The Company’s operations are currently divided into two divisions: the Domestic Merchandising Services Division and the International Merchandising Services Division. The Domestic Merchandising Services Division provides merchandising and marketing services, in-store event staffing, product sampling, Radio Frequency Identification (“RFID”) services, technology services and marketing research to manufacturers and retailers in the United States. The various services are primarily performed in mass merchandisers, electronics store chains, drug store chains and convenience and grocery stores. The International Merchandising Services Division was established in July 2000 and through its subsidiaries, the Company currently provides similar merchandising and other marketing services in Japan, Canada, Turkey, South Africa, India, Romania, China, Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia, Australia, and New Zealand. The Company continues to focus on expanding its merchandising and marketing services business throughout the world.
Domestic Merchandising Services Division
The Company’s Domestic Merchandising Services Division provides nationwide merchandising and other marketing services primarily on behalf of consumer product manufacturers and retailers at mass merchandisers, electronics store chains, drug store chains, convenience and grocery stores. Included in its clients are home entertainment, general merchandise, health and beauty care, consumer goods and food products companies in the United States.
Merchandising services primarily consist of regularly scheduled dedicated routed services and special projects provided at the store level for a specific retailer or single or multiple manufacturers primarily under single or multi-year contracts or agreements. Services also include stand-alone large-scale implementations. These services may include sales enhancing activities such as ensuring that client products authorized for distribution are in stock and on the shelf, adding new products that are approved for distribution but not presently on the shelf, setting category shelves in accordance with approved store schematics, ensuring that shelf tags are in place, checking for the overall salability of client products and setting new and promotional items and placing and/or removing point of purchase and other related media advertising. Specific in-store services can be initiated by retailers or manufacturers, and include new store openings, new product launches, special seasonal or promotional merchandising, focused product support and product recalls.
F-11
SPAR Group, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
December 31, 2007
1. Business and Organization (continued)
International Merchandising Services Division
In July 2000, the Company established its International Merchandising Services Division to focus on expanding its merchandising and marketing services business worldwide. The Company has expanded its international business as follows:
Date Established |
Percent Ownership |
Location |
May 2001 |
50% |
Osaka, Japan |
June 2003 |
100% |
Toronto, Canada |
July 2003 |
51% |
Istanbul, Turkey |
April 2004 |
51% |
Durban, South Africa |
April 2004 |
51% |
New Delhi, India |
December 2004 |
51% |
Bucharest, Romania |
February 2005 |
50% |
Hong Kong, China |
September 2005 |
51% |
Siauliai, Lithuania |
April 2006 |
51% |
Melbourne, Australia |
2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Principles of Consolidation
The Company consolidates its 100% owned subsidiaries. The Company also consolidates all of its 51% owned subsidiaries and all of its 50% owned subsidiaries as the Company believes it is the primary beneficiary in accordance with Financial Accounting Standards Board Interpretation Number 46, as revised December 2003, Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities (“FIN 46(R)”).
In 2004, due to the amendment of a royalty agreement between the Company and its 50% owned Japanese subsidiary, the Company has determined that in accordance with FIN 46(R) it is the primary beneficiary of the Japanese subsidiary, and has consolidated the Japanese financial results for 2007, 2006 and 2005 in accordance with the provisions of FIN 46(R).
In 2006, the Japanese subsidiary changed its fiscal year from September 30 to December 31. Therefore for the year ended December 31, 2006, the Company consolidated fifteen months of operations (October 1, 2005 through December 31, 2006) for the Japanese subsidiary. For the year ended December 31, 2005, the Company consolidated the results of operations for the twelve month period ended September 30, 2005.
All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated.
Cash Equivalents
The Company considers all highly liquid short-term investments with maturities of three months or less at the time of acquisition to be cash equivalents. Cash equivalents are stated at cost, which approximates fair value.
Revenue Recognition
The Company’s services are provided to its clients under contracts or agreements. The Company bills its clients based upon service fee or per unit fee arrangements. Revenues under service fee arrangements are recognized when the service is performed. The Company’s per unit fee arrangements provide for fees to be earned based on the retail sales of a client’s products to consumers. The Company recognizes per unit fees in the period such amounts become determinable and are reported to the Company.
F-12
SPAR Group, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
December 31, 2007
2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (continued)
Unbilled Accounts Receivable
Unbilled accounts receivable represent services performed but not billed and are included as accounts receivable.
Doubtful Accounts and Credit Risks
The Company continually monitors the validity of its accounts receivable based upon current client credit information and financial condition. Balances that are deemed to be uncollectible after the Company has attempted reasonable collection efforts are written off through a charge to the bad debt allowance and a credit to accounts receivable. Accounts receivable balances, net of any applicable reserves or allowances, are stated at the amount that management expects to collect from the outstanding balances. The Company provides for probable uncollectible amounts through a charge to earnings and a credit to bad debt allowance based in part on management’s assessment of the current status of individual accounts. Based on management’s assessment, the Company established an allowance for doubtful accounts of $163,000 and $400,000 at December 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively. Bad debt (recovery) expenses were $(164,000), $84,000, and $38,000 in 2007, 2006, and 2005, respectively.
Property and Equipment
Property and equipment, including leasehold improvements, are stated at cost. Depreciation is calculated on a straight-line basis over estimated useful lives of the related assets, which range from three to seven years. Leasehold improvements are depreciated over the shorter of their estimated useful lives or lease term, using the straight-line method.
Internal Use Software Development Costs
In accordance with SOP 98-1, Accounting for the Costs of Computer Software Developed or Obtained for Internal Use, the Company capitalizes certain costs associated with its internally developed software. Specifically, the Company capitalizes the costs of materials and services incurred in developing or obtaining internal use software. These costs include (but are not limited to) the cost to purchase software, the cost to write program code, payroll and related benefits and travel expenses for those employees who are directly involved with and who devote time to the Company’s software development projects. Capitalized software development costs are amortized over three years on a straight-line basis.
The Company capitalized $328,000, $280,000, and $346,000 of costs related to software developed for internal use in 2007, 2006, and 2005, respectively, and recognized approximately $292,000, $371,000 and $516,000 of amortization of capitalized software for the years ended December 31, 2007, 2006, and 2005, respectively.
Impairment of Long-Lived Assets
The Company reviews its long-lived assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that an asset’s carrying amount may be higher than its fair value. If an asset is considered to be impaired, the impairment charge that would be recognized is the excess of the asset’s carrying value over the asset’s fair value.
Fair Value of Financial Instruments
The Company’s balance sheets include the following financial instruments: accounts receivable, accounts payable and lines of credit. The Company considers the carrying amounts of current assets and liabilities in the financial statements to approximate the fair value for these financial instruments, because of the relatively short period of time between origination of the instruments and their expected realization or payment. The carrying amount of the lines of credit approximates fair value because the obligations bear interest at a floating rate.
F-13
SPAR Group, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
December 31, 2007
2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (continued)
Excess Cash
The Company’s domestic cash balances are generally utilized to pay its bank line of credit. International cash balances are maintained in liquid cash accounts and are utilized to fund daily operations.
Major Clients - Domestic
One client accounted for 7% of the Company’s net revenues for the year ended December 31, 2007. This client accounted for approximately 3% of the Company’s accounts receivable at December 31, 2007.
In addition, approximately 7%, 8%, and 11% of the Company’s net revenues for the years ended December 31, 2007, 2006, and 2005, respectively, resulted from merchandising and marketing services performed for manufacturers and others in stores operated by a leading mass merchandising chain in the United States. These clients accounted for approximately 5% and 4% of the Company’s accounts receivable at December 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively.
Also, approximately 14% and 11% of the Company’s net revenues for the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively, resulted from merchandising and marketing services performed for manufacturers and others in stores operated by a leading electronics chain in the United States. These clients accounted for 10% and 7% of the Company’s accounts receivable at December 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively.
Foreign Currency Rate Fluctuations
The Company has foreign currency exposure associated with its international subsidiaries. In both 2007 and 2006, these exposures are primarily concentrated in the Canadian Dollar, South African Rand, Australian Dollar and Japanese Yen. At December 31, 2007, international assets totaled $7.9 million and international liabilities totaled $12.0 million. For 2007, international revenues totaled $31.3 million and the Company’s share of the net loss was approximately $979,000.
Interest Rate Fluctuations
The Company is exposed to market risk related to the variable interest rate on its lines of credit. At December 31, 2007, the Company’s outstanding debt totaled $6.1 million, as noted in the table below (in thousands):
Location |
Variable Interest Rate (1) |
Local Currency Amount |
US Dollar Equivalent (2) |
United States |
8.3% |
4,898 USD |
$4,898 |
Japan |
1.9% |
90,000 YEN |
802 |
Australia |
11.9% |
315 AUD |
276 |
Canada |
7.1% |
140 CAD |
143 |
|
|
|
$6,119 |
(1) |
Per annum interest at December 31, 2007 |
(2) |
Based on exchange rate at December 31, 2007 |
Based on 2007 average outstanding borrowings under variable-rate debt, a one-percentage point increase in interest rates would negatively impact annual pre-tax earnings and cash flows by approximately $38,000.
Income Taxes
Deferred tax assets and liabilities represent the future tax return consequences of certain temporary differences that will either be taxable or deductible when the assets and liabilities are recovered or settled. Deferred taxes are also recognized for operating losses that are available to offset future taxable income and tax credits that are available to offset future income taxes. In the event the future consequences of differences between the financial reporting basis and the tax basis
F-14
SPAR Group, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
December 31, 2007
2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (continued)
of the Company’s assets and liabilities result in a net deferred tax asset, an evaluation is required of the probability of being able to realize the future benefits indicated by such asset. A valuation allowance is provided when it is more likely than not that some portion or the entire deferred tax asset will not be realized.
Stock-Based Compensation
As of January 1, 2006, SFAS No. 123(R) became effective and applicable to the Company’s accounting for its employee options. The Company had previously followed APB No. 25 and related interpretations when accounting for such options. Under APB No. 25 no compensation expense was recognized by the Company when employee stock options were granted, as the exercise price of the Company’s employee stock options equaled the market price of the underlying stock on the date of grant. Under SFAS No. 123(R), compensation expense is now recognized in the Company’s financial statements when employee stock options are granted. Share-based compensation cost is measured on the grant date, based on the fair value of the award calculated at that date, and is recognized over the employee’s requisite service period, which generally is the options’ vesting period. Fair value is calculated using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. Until an option is vested, the fair value of the option continues to be updated through the vesting date. The options granted have a ten (10) year life and vest over four-year periods at a rate of 25% per year, beginning on the first anniversary of the date of grant.
The fair value of each option grant is estimated based on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model with the following weighted average assumptions: dividend yield of 0% for all years; volatility factor of expected market price of common stock of 133%, 138%, and 145% for 2007, 2006, and 2005, respectively; risk-free interest rate of 4.04%, 4.67%, and 4.37% for 2007, 2006, and 2005, respectively; and expected lives of six years.
Share-based compensation expense related to employee stock option grants totaled approximately $281,000 and $314,000 for the twelve months ended December 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively. The impact on basic earnings per share was approximately $0.01 and $0.02 for the twelve months ended December 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively.
As of December 31, 2007, the Company had $547,744 of unrecognized expense related to unvested share based compensation which will be recognized ratably as compensation cost over the vesting period form January 2008 through December 2012.
In 2005, under the disclosure-only provisions of SFAS No. 123, Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation, as amended by SFAS 148, no compensation cost has been recognized for the stock option grants to Company employees. Compensation cost for the Company’s option grants to Company employees has been determined based on the fair value at the grant date consistent with the provisions of SFAS No. 123, the Company’s net income (loss) and pro forma net income (loss) per share from continuing operations would have been reduced to the adjusted amounts indicated below (in thousands, except per share data):
|
|
Year Ended |
|
|
|
December 31, 2005 |
|
Net income, as reported |
|
$ |
878 |
Stock based employee compensation expense |
|
|
426 |
Pro forma net income |
|
$ |
452 |
|
|
|
|
Basic and diluted net income per share, as reported |
|
$ |
0.05 |
Basic and diluted net income per share, pro forma |
|
$ |
0.02 |
Net (Loss) Income Per Share
Basic net (loss) income per share amounts are based upon the weighted average number of common shares outstanding. Diluted net (loss) income per share amounts are based upon the weighted average number of common and potential
F-15
SPAR Group, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
December 31, 2007
2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (continued)
common shares outstanding except for periods in which such potential common shares are anti-dilutive. Potential common shares outstanding include stock options and are calculated using the treasury stock method.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of the consolidated financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the amounts disclosed for contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting year. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
Goodwill
The Company adopted Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 142, Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets (“SFAS142”), in the first quarter of 2002. Therefore, goodwill is no longer amortized but is subject to annual impairment tests in accordance with that Statement. At December 31, 2007 and 2006, the Company performed the required impairment test discussed in SFAS 142. The Company calculated the fair value of each business unit for which goodwill was recorded to determine if there was an impairment. The fair value of each unit was based upon the estimate of the discounted cash flow generated by the respective business unit. As a result of these calculations, it was determined that there was no impairment to the goodwill associated with the acquisition of its in-store demonstration business and therefore no impairment charge was recorded for the year ended December 31, 2007, or 2006. The goodwill balance was $798,000 at December 31, 2007 and 2006.
Translation of Foreign Currencies
The financial statements of the foreign entities consolidated into SPAR Group, Inc. consolidated financial statements were translated into United States dollar equivalents at exchange rates as follows: balance sheet accounts for assets and liabilities were converted at year-end rates, equity at historical rates and income statement accounts at average exchange rates for the year. The resulting translation gains and losses are reflected in accumulated other comprehensive gain or loss in the statement of stockholders’ equity. Foreign currency transaction gains and losses are reflected in net earnings.
Recently Issued Accounting Standards
In September 2006, the FASB issued SFAS No. 157, “Fair Value Measurements.” The statement defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value in generally accepted accounting principles, and expands disclosures about fair value measurements. This statement applies under other accounting pronouncements that require or permit fair value measurements, the FASB having previously concluded in those accounting pronouncements that fair value is the relevant measurement attribute. Accordingly, this statement does not require any new fair value measurements. SFAS No. 157 is effective January 1, 2008 for financial assets and liabilities and January 1, 2009 for non-financial assets and liabilities. The Company is currently evaluating the effect, if any, of this statement on its financial condition and results of operations.
In February 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 159, “The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities - including an amendment of FASB Statement No. 115” which permits entities to choose to measure many financial instruments and certain other items at fair value that are not currently required to be measured at fair value. SFAS No. 159 also establishes presentation and disclosure requirements designed to facilitate comparisons between entities that choose different measurement attributes for similar types of assets and liabilities. SFAS No. 159 does not affect any existing accounting literature that requires certain assets and liabilities to be carried at fair value. SFAS No. 159 does not eliminate disclosure requirements included in other accounting standards, including requirements for disclosures about fair value measurements included in SFAS No. 157 and SFAS No. 107, “Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments”. SFAS No. 159 is effective as of the beginning of an entity’s first fiscal year that begins after November 15, 2007. The Company will adopt SFAS No. 159 on January 1, 2008, and does not anticipate adoption to materially impact its financial position or results of operations.
F-16
SPAR Group, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
December 31, 2007
2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (continued)
In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 141(Revised), “Business Combinations,” or SFAS No. 141(R), which replaces SFAS No. 141, “Business Combinations,” and requires an acquirer to recognize the assets acquired, the liabilities assumed, and any noncontrolling interest in the acquiree at the acquisition date, measured at their fair values as of that date, with limited exceptions. This statement also requires the acquirer in a business combination achieved in stages to recognize the identifiable assets and liabilities, as well as the noncontrolling interest in the acquiree, at the full amounts of their fair values. SFAS No. 141(R) makes various other amendments to authoritative literature intended to provide additional guidance or to confirm the guidance in that literature to that provided in this statement. This statement applies prospectively to business combinations for which the acquisition date is on or after the beginning of the first annual reporting period beginning on or after December 15, 2008. The Company expects to adopt this statement on January 1, 2009. SFAS No. 141(R)’s impact on accounting for business combinations is dependent upon acquisitions at that time.
In December 2007, FASB issued SFAS No. 160, “Noncontrolling Interests in Consolidated Financial Statements, which amends Accounting Research Bulletin No. 51, “Consolidated Financial Statements,” to improve the relevance, comparability, and transparency of the financial information that a reporting entity provides in its consolidated financial statements. SFAS No. 160 establishes accounting and reporting standards that require the ownership interests in subsidiaries not held by the parent to be clearly identified, labeled and presented in the consolidated statement of financial position within equity, but separate from the parent’s equity. This statement also requires the amount of consolidated net income attributable to the parent and to the noncontrolling interest to be clearly identified and presented on the face of the consolidated statement of income. Changes in a parent’s ownership interest while the parent retains its controlling financial interest must be accounted for consistently, and when a subsidiary is deconsolidated, any retained noncontrolling equity investment in the former subsidiary must be initially measured at fair value. The gain or loss on the deconsolidation of the subsidiary is measured using the fair value of any noncontrolling equity investment. The statement also requires entities to provide sufficient disclosures that clearly identify and distinguish between the interests of the parent and the interests of the noncontrolling owners. This statement applies prospectively to all entities that prepare consolidated financial statements and applies prospectively for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning on or after December 15, 2008. The Company is currently evaluating the effect, if any, of this statement on its financial condition and results of operations.
Reclassifications
Certain reclassifications have been made to the 2006 and 2005 financial statements to conform to the 2007 presentation.
3. Supplemental Balance Sheet Information
|
|
December 31, |
|
||||
Accounts receivable, net, consists of the following (in thousands): |
|
2007 |
|
2006 |
|
||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Trade |
|
$ |
9,833 |
|
$ |
10,112 |
|
Unbilled |
|
|
3,789 |
|
|
2,774 |
|
Non-trade |
|
|
289 |
|
|
496 |
|
|
|
|
13,911 |
|
|
13,382 |
|
Less: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Allowance for doubtful accounts |
|
|
(163 |
) |
|
(400 |
) |
|
|
$ |
13,748 |
|
$ |
12,982 |
|
F-17
SPAR Group, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
December 31, 2007
|
|
December 31, |
||||
Property and equipment consists of the following (in thousands): |
|
2007 |
|
2006 |
||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Equipment |
|
$ |
6,781 |
|
$ |
5,380 |
Furniture and fixtures |
|
|
625 |
|
|
606 |
Leasehold improvements |
|
|
245 |
|
|
568 |
Capitalized software development costs |
|
|
1,837 |
|
|
1,508 |
|
|
|
9,488 |
|
|
8,062 |
Less accumulated depreciation and amortization |
|
|
7,960 |
|
|
7,161 |
|
|
$ |
1,528 |
|
$ |
901 |
|
|
December 31, |
||||
Other assets (in thousands): |
|
2007 |
|
2006 |
||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Safeway settlement (inclusive of interest) |
|
$ |
1,481 |
|
$ |
1,307 |
Other |
|
|
167 |
|
|
388 |
|
|
$ |
1,648 |
|
$ |
1,695 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31, |
||||
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities (in thousands): |
|
2007 |
|
2006 |
||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Taxes payable |
|
$ |
664 |
|
$ |
489 |
Accrued accounting and legal expenses |
|
|
227 |
|
|
219 |
Accrued salaries payable |
|
|
1,304 |
|
|
946 |
Other |
|
|
1,786 |
|
|
1,210 |
|
|
$ |
3,981 |
|
$ |
2,864 |
4. Lines of Credit
In January 2003, the Company (other than SGRP’s foreign subsidiaries) and Webster Business Credit Corporation, then known as Whitehall Business Credit Corporation (“Webster”), entered into the Third Amended and Restated Revolving Credit and Security Agreement (as amended, collectively, the “Credit Facility”). The Credit Facility provides for a $7.0 million revolving line of credit maturing on January 23, 2009. In March 2007 the credit facility was further amended to among other things, delay the Minimum Fixed Coverage ratio until the fourth quarter 2007, establish an EBITDA covenant and increase the interest rate by .25% beginning March 28, 2007. In May 2007 the credit facility was amended to provide for an availability reserve of $500,000. In August 2007 the credit facility was further amended to reduce the availability reserve to $250,000 until November 30, 2007. On November 16, 2007 Webster amended the credit facility to extend the availability reserve of $250,000 indefinitely and to reduce the revolving line of credit to $5.0 million. On February 12, 2008, the Credit Facility was further amended to reset the financial covenants for the fourth quarter of 2007 and to establish monthly EBITDA covenants for 2008. Borrowings are based upon a borrowing base formula as defined in the agreement (principally 85% of “eligible” domestic accounts receivable less certain reserves). The Credit Facility is secured by all of the assets of the Company and its domestic subsidiaries. The Credit Facility also limits certain expenditures, including, but not limited to, capital expenditures and other investments.
The basic interest rate under the Credit Facility is Webster’s “Alternative Base Rate” plus 1.0% per annum (a total of 8.25% per annum at December 31, 2007), which automatically changes with each change made by Webster in such Alternative Base Rate. The Company at its option, subject to certain conditions, may elect to have portions of its loans under the Credit Facility bear interest at various LIBOR rates plus 3.25% per annum based on fixed periods of one, two,
F-18
SPAR Group, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
December 31, 2007
4. Lines of Credit (continued)
three or nine months. The actual average interest rate under the Credit Facility was 8.96% per annum for the twelve months ended December 31, 2007. The Credit Facility is secured by substantially all of the assets of the Company (other than SGRP’s foreign subsidiaries and their assets).
The domestic revolving loan balances outstanding under the Credit Facility were $4.9 million and $4.2 million at December 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively. There were letters of credit outstanding under the Credit Facility of approximately $0 and $453,000 at December 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively. As of December 31, 2007, the SPAR Group had unused availability under the Credit Facility of $102,000 out of the remaining unused revolving line of credit.
Because of the requirement to maintain a lock box arrangement with Webster and Webster’s ability to invoke a subjective acceleration clause at its discretion, borrowings under the Credit Facility are classified as current at December 31, 2007 and 2006, in accordance with EITF 95-22, Balance Sheet Classification of Borrowings Outstanding Under Revolving Credit Agreements That Include Both a Subjective Acceleration Clause and a Lock-Box Agreement.
The Company was not in violation of its covenants at December 31, 2007 and does not expect to be in violation at future measurement dates. However, there can be no assurances that the Company will be able to comply with its covenants and that if the Company violates the amended covenants, Webster will continue to issue such waivers in the future.
In addition, Mr. Robert G. Brown, a Director, the Chairman (former President and Chief Executive Officer) and a major stockholder of SGRP, and Mr. William H. Bartels, a Director, the Vice Chairman and a major stockholder of SGRP, have provided personal guarantees of the Credit Facility totaling $1.0 million.
The Japanese subsidiary SPAR FM Japan, Inc. has line of credit agreements totaling 100 million Yen, or approximately $891,000 (based upon the exchange rate at December 31, 2007). The outstanding balances under the line of credit agreements were 90 million Yen, or approximately $802,000 and 70 million Yen, or approximately $588,000 at December 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively (based upon the exchange rate at those dates). The average interest rate was 1.9% per annum for the twelve months ended December 31, 2007. In addition, the Japanese subsidiary had cash balances totaling 137 million Yen, or approximately $1,246,000 (based upon the exchange rate at December 31, 2007) and 97 million Yen, or approximately $815,000 (based upon the exchange rate at December 31, 2006) at December 31, 2007 and 2006 respectively.
In 2006, the Australian subsidiary, SPARFACTS Australia Pty. Ltd., entered into a revolving line of credit arrangement with Oxford Funding Pty. Ltd. for $1.1 million (Australian), or approximately $964,000 (based upon the exchange rate at December 31, 2007). At December 31, 2007, SPARFACTS Australia Pty. Ltd. had $315,000 (Australian), or approximately $276,000 outstanding under the line of credit (based upon the exchange rate at that date). The average interest rate was 10.6% per annum for the twelve months ended December 31, 2007.
On October 20, 2006, SPAR Canada Company, a wholly owned subsidiary, entered into a secured credit agreement with Royal Bank of Canada providing for a Demand Operating Loan for a maximum borrowing of $1.0 million (Canadian), or approximately $1,019,400 (based upon the exchange rate at December 31, 2007). The Demand Operating Loan provides for borrowing based upon a formula as defined in the agreement (principally 75% of eligible accounts receivable less certain deductions) and a minimum total debt to tangible net worth covenant. On March 28, 2008 Royal Bank of Canada amended the secured credit agreement to reduce the maximum borrowing to $500,000 (Canadian). At December 31, 2007, SPAR Canada Company had $140,000 (Canadian), or approximately $143,000 outstanding under the line of credit (based upon the exchange rate at December 31, 2007). The average interest rate was 7.08% per annum for the twelve months ended December 31, 2007.
At December 31, 2007, SPAR Canada Company was in violation of its covenant. Royal Bank of Canada has waived this violation. The Company expects that it will comply with its covenants in future periods. However, there can be no assurances that the Company will be able to comply with its covenants and that if the Company violates its covenants, Royal Bank will continue to issue such waivers in the future.
F-19
SPAR Group, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
December 31, 2007
5. Income Taxes
The provision for income tax expense is summarized as follows (in thousands):
|
|
December 31, |
|
|||||||
|
|
2007 |
|
2006 |
|
2005 |
|
|||
Current |
|
$ |
157 |
|
$ |
99 |
|
$ |
242 |
|
Deferred |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
|
|
$ |
157 |
|
$ |
99 |
|
$ |
242 |
|
The provision for income taxes is different from that which would be obtained by applying the statutory federal income tax rate to income before income taxes. The items causing this difference are as follows (in thousands):
|
|
December 31, |
||||||||
|
|
2007 |
|
2006 |
|
2005 |
|
|||
Provision (benefit) for income taxes at |
|
$ |
(751 |
) |
$ |
(273 |
) |
$ |
334 |
|
State income taxes, net of federal benefit |
|
|
(115 |
) |
|
41 |
|
|
153 |
|
Permanent differences |
|
|
33 |
|
|
36 |
|
|
14 |
|
Change in valuation allowance |
|
|
880 |
|
|
150 |
|
|
(349 |
) |
International tax provisions |
|
|
107 |
|
|
136 |
|
|
71 |
|
Other |
|
|
3 |
|
|
9 |
|
|
19 |
|
Provision for income taxes |
|
$ |
157 |
|
$ |
99 |
|
$ |
242 |
|
Deferred taxes consist of the following (in thousands): |
|
December 31, |
|
||||
|
|
2007 |
|
2006 |
|
||
Deferred tax assets: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net operating loss carryforwards |
|
$ |
7,490 |
|
$ |
6,580 |
|
Deferred revenue |
|
|
45 |
|
|
52 |
|
SIM reserve against loan commitment |
|
|
147 |
|
|
147 |
|
Allowance for doubtful accounts and other receivable |
|
|
39 |
|
|
150 |
|
Share-based compensation expense |
|
|
226 |
|
|
119 |
|
Accrued expenses |
|
|
11 |
|
|
— |
|
Other |
|
|
27 |
|
|
23 |
|
Valuation allowance |
|
|
(7,238 |
) |
|
(6,358 |
) |
Total deferred tax assets |
|
|
747 |
|
|
713 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Deferred tax liabilities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Goodwill |
|
|
61 |
|
|
40 |
|
Litigation receivables |
|
|
496 |
|
|
496 |
|
Capitalized software development costs |
|
|
190 |
|
|
177 |
|
Total deferred tax liabilities |
|
|
747 |
|
|
713 |
|
Net deferred tax assets |
|
$ |
— |
|
$ |
— |
|
F-20
SPAR Group, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
December 31, 2007
5. Income Taxes (continued)
At December 31, 2007, the Company has net operating loss carryforwards (NOLs) of $6.9 million, related to the PIA Acquisition available to reduce future federal taxable income. The $6.9 million PIA related net operating loss carryforwards begin to expire in the year 2012. Section 382 of the Internal Revenue Code restricts the annual utilization of the NOLs incurred prior to a change in ownership. Such a change in ownership had occurred in 1999, thereby restricting the NOL’s prior to such date available to the Company to approximately $657,500 per year. In addition, the Company has NOLs related to its prior and current year losses totaling $13.6 million of which $1.1 million, $5.2 million, $3.6 million and $3.7 million expire in 2023, 2024, 2026 and 2027, respectively.
As a result of losses, a challenging market and the lack of certainty of future profitability, the Company has established a valuation allowance equal to the total of its net deferred tax assets of $7.2 million.
The Company does not provide currently for U.S. income taxes on the undistributed earnings of its foreign subsidiaries since, at the present time, management expects any earnings to be reinvested in the foreign subsidiaries and not distributed.
In July 2006, the FASB issued FASB interpretation No. 48 (“FIN 48”), Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes. FIN 48 prescribes detailed guidance for the financial statement recognition, measurement and disclosure of uncertain tax positions recognized in an enterprise’s financial statements in accordance with FASB Statement No. 109, Accounting for Income Taxes. Tax positions must meet a more-likely-than-not recognition threshold at the effective date to be recognized upon the adoption of FIN 48 and in subsequent periods. FIN 48 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2006 and the provisions of FIN 48 will be applied to all tax positions upon initial adoption of the Interpretation. The Company has adopted FIN 48 as of January 1, 2007.
The Company adopted provisions of FASB Interpretation No. 48, Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes, on January 1, 2007. As a result of the implementation of Interpretation 48, the Company recognized an increase of approximately $145,000 in the liability for unrecognized tax benefits, which was accounted for as an increase to the January 1, 2007 accumulated deficit. A reconciliation of the beginning and ending amount of unrecognized tax benefits is as follows:
Balance at January 1, 2007 |
$ |
431,000 |
||
Additions for tax positions of prior years |
|
|
53,000 |
|
Reductions for tax positions of prior years |
|
|
(145,000 |
) |
Balance at December 31, 2007 |
|
$ |
339,000 |
|
FIN 48 requires that interest and penalties that the tax law requires to be paid on the underpayment of taxes should be accrued on the difference between the amount claimed or expected to be claimed on the return and the tax benefit recognized in the financial statements. The Company’s policy is to record this interest and penalties as additional tax expense.
SPAR and its subsidiaries file numerous consolidated, combined and separate company income tax returns in the U.S. Federal jurisdiction and in many U.S. state and foreign jurisdictions. With few exceptions, SPAR is subject to U.S. Federal, state and local income tax examinations for the years 2004 through the present. However, tax authorities have the ability to review years prior to the position taken by the Company to the extent that SPAR utilized tax attributes carried forward from those prior years.
In management’s view, the Company’s tax reserves at December 31, 2007, totaling $162,000 for potential domestic state tax liabilities were sufficient to meet the requirements of FIN 48. The reserve for potential international tax liabilities totaling $177,000 was also deemed sufficient to satisfy FIN 48.
F-21
SPAR Group, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
December 31, 2007
5. Income Taxes (continued)
Details of the Company’s FIN 48 reserves at December 31, 2007 are outlined in the table below (in thousands):
|
|
Taxes |
|
Interest |
|
Penalty |
|
Total Tax |
||||
Domestic |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
State |
|
$ |
102 |
|
$ |
38 |
|
$ |
22 |
|
$ |
162 |
Federal |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
International |
|
|
125 |
|
|
29 |
|
|
23 |
|
|
177 |
Total FIN 48 Reserve |
|
$ |
227 |
|
$ |
67 |
|
$ |
45 |
|
$ |
339 |
6. Commitments and Contingencies
Lease Commitments
The Company leases equipment and certain office space in several cities, under non-cancelable operating lease agreements. Certain leases require the Company to pay its share of any increases in operating expenses and real estate taxes. Rent expense was approximately $472,000, $780,000, and $900,000 for 2007, 2006, and 2005, respectively. At December 31, 2007, future minimum commitments under all non-cancelable operating lease arrangements are as follows (in thousands):
Year |
|
|
Amount |
2008 |
|
$ |
562 |
2009 |
|
|
539 |
2010 |
|
|
462 |
2011 |
|
|
469 |
2012 |
|
|
330 |
2013 |
|
|
159 |
Total |
|
$ |
2,521 |
International Commitments
The Company’s international model is to partner with local merchandising companies and combine their knowledge of the local market with the Company’s proprietary software and expertise in the merchandising business. In 2001, the Company established its first international subsidiary and has continued this strategy. As of this filing, the Company is currently operating in Japan, Canada, Turkey, South Africa, India, Romania, China, Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia, Australia and New Zealand through 9 subsidiaries.
Certain of these international subsidiaries are marginally profitable while others are operating at a loss. None of these entities have excess cash reserves. In the event of continued losses, the Company may find it necessary to provide additional cash infusions into these subsidiaries.
Legal Matters
Safeway Inc. (“Safeway”) filed a Complaint against PIA Merchandising Co., Inc. (“PIA Co.”), a wholly owned subsidiary of SPAR Group, Inc. (“SGRP”), Pivotal Sales Company (“Pivotal”), a wholly owned subsidiary of PIA Co., and SGRP in Alameda Superior Court, case no. 2001028498 on October 24, 2001. Safeway claims, as subsequently amended, alleged causes of action for breach of contract and breach of implied contract. PIA Co. and Pivotal filed cross-claims against Safeway on or about March 11, 2002, and amended them on or about October 15, 2002, alleging causes of action by PIA Co. and Pivotal against Safeway for breach of contract, interference with economic relationship, unfair trade practices and unjust enrichment. Trial commenced in March 2006.
F-22
SPAR Group, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
December 31, 2007
6. Commitments and Contingencies (continued)
On May 26, 2006, the jury in this case returned a verdict resulting in a net award of $1,307,700 to Pivotal, a SGRP subsidiary. This net award is to be paid by Safeway and resulted from separate jury findings that awarded damages to those SGRP subsidiaries on certain claims and damages to Safeway on other claims. In particular, the jury awarded damages to Pivotal of $5,760,879 for Safeway’s interference with Pivotal’s contractual relationships with third party manufacturers and also awarded $782,400 to Pivotal and PIA for Safeway’s breach of contract with those SGRP subsidiaries. The jury awarded damages to Safeway of $5,235,579 for breach of contract by SGRP and those SGRP subsidiaries. Judgment was entered in favor of Pivotal in September 2006 for $1,307,700 representing the net amount of the awards. Both parties filed post trial motions but all post trial motions were denied. Notices of Appeal were thereafter filed by both Safeway and Pivotal. Pivotal/SGRP is seeking to have Safeway’s judgment overturned, thereby increasing the award to Pivotal by over $5 million. Safeway has asked for a new trial on the judgment found against it. The appellate process is expected to take fourteen to twenty four months to complete. In the interim, the court ordered a mediation of the dispute, which took place but was not successful in resolving the matter. Accordingly, the appeals will proceed. The Company has recorded the net $1.3 million settlement award in other assets.
Briefing on the appeals was continued at the request of Safeway, who needed additional time to prepare their papers. Safeway’s initial brief on appeal is expected to be filed by the end of March, 2008. Spar’s opposition will be filed 90 days after Safeway’s brief has been filed. Opposition and Reply briefs will then be filed within the next 180 days. Thereafter, an oral argument hearing date will be assigned by the court of appeal.
In addition to the above, the Company is a party to various other legal actions and administrative proceedings arising in the normal course of business. In the opinion of Company’s management, disposition of these other matters are not anticipated to have a material adverse effect on the financial position, results of operations or cash flows of the Company.
7. Treasury Stock
The Company initiated a share repurchase program in 2002, which allowed for repurchase of up to 100,000 shares. In 2003, the Board of Directors authorized the repurchase of an additional 122,000 shares increasing the total to 222,000 shares.
The following table summarizes the Company’s treasury stock activity for the years 2007, 2006, and 2005.
|
|
Quantity |
|
|
Amount |
|
|
|
21,908 |
|
$ |
108,100 |
|
Used to fulfill options exercised |
|
(21,654 |
) |
|
(106,888 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Treasury Stock, December 31, 2005 |
|
254 |
|
$ |
1,212 |
|
Used to fulfill options exercised |
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Treasury Stock, December 31, 2006 |
|
254 |
|
$ |
1,212 |
|
Used to fulfill options exercised |
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Treasury Stock, December 31, 2007 |
|
254 |
|
$ |
1,212 |
|
8. Employee Benefits
Stock Purchase Plans
The Company has Employee and Consultant Stock Purchase Plans (the “SP Plans”). The SP Plans allow employees and consultants of the Company to purchase common stock without having to pay any commissions on the purchases. On August 8, 2002, the Company’s Board of Directors approved a 15% discount for employee purchases and recommended
F-23
SPAR Group, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
December 31, 2007
8. Employee Benefits (continued)
that its affiliates (see Note 9 - Related-Party Transactions) approve a 15% cash bonus for affiliate consultant purchases. The maximum amount that any employee or consultant can contribute to the SP Plans per quarter is $6,250, and the total number of shares reserved by the Company for purchase under the SP Plans is 500,000.
Shares purchased by employees and consultants under the SP Plans were 34,994, 31,385, and 28,065 for 2007, 2006, and 2005, respectively. As of December 31, 2007, there were 329,868 shares remain outstanding under the SP plan.
The Company’s expense resulting from the 15% discount offered to employees and consultants was approximately $1,200, $5,200, and $5,000 for the years ended December 31, 2007, 2006, and 2005, respectively.
Retirement/Pension Plans
The Company has a 401(k) Profit Sharing Plan covering substantially all eligible employees. Employer contributions were approximately $66,000, $29,000, and $27,000 for 2007, 2006, and 2005, respectively.
9. Related-Party Transactions
Mr. Robert G. Brown, a Director, the Chairman (former President and Chief Executive Officer) and a major stockholder of SGRP, and Mr. William H. Bartels, a Director and the Vice Chairman of the Company and a major stockholder of SGRP, are executive officers and the sole stockholders and directors of SPAR Marketing Services, Inc. (“SMS”), SPAR Management Services, Inc. (“SMSI”), and SPAR Infotech, Inc. (“SIT”).
SMS and SMSI provided approximately 99% of the Company’s domestic merchandising specialists in the field (through its independent contractor field force) and approximately 85% of the Company’s domestic field management at a total cost of approximately $18.0 million, $18.9 million, and $20.0 million for 2007, 2006, and 2005, respectively. Pursuant to the terms of the Amended and Restated Field Service Agreement dated as of January 1, 2004, SMS provides the services of SMS’s merchandising specialist field force of approximately 5,000 independent contractors to the Company. Pursuant to the terms of the Amended and Restated Field Management Agreement dated as of January 1, 2004, SMSI provides 53 full-time national, regional and district managers to the Company. For those services, the Company has agreed to reimburse SMS and SMSI for all of their costs of providing those services and to pay SMS and SMSI each a premium equal to 4% of their respective costs. Total net premiums paid to SMS and SMSI for services rendered were approximately $690,000, $730,000, and $770,000 for 2007, 2006, and 2005, respectively. The Company has been advised that Messrs. Brown and Bartels are not paid any salaries as officers of SMS or SMSI so there were no salary reimbursements for them included in such costs or premium. However, since SMS and SMSI are “Subchapter S” corporations, Messrs. Brown and Bartels benefit from any income of such companies allocated to them.
SIT provided substantially all of the Internet computer programming services to the Company at a total cost of approximately $606,000, $678,000, and $771,000 for 2007, 2006, and 2005, respectively. SIT provided approximately 18,000, 23,000, and 25,000 hours of Internet computer programming services to the Company for 2007, 2006, and 2005, respectively. Pursuant to the Amended and Restated Programming and Support Agreement dated as of January 1, 2004, SIT continues to provide programming services to the Company for which the Company has agreed to pay SIT competitive hourly wage rates for time spent on Company matters and to reimburse the related out-of-pocket expenses of SIT and its personnel. The average hourly billing rate was $33.49, $28.87, and $30.34 for 2007, 2006, and 2005, respectively. The Company has been advised that no hourly charges or business expenses for Messrs. Brown and Bartels were charged to the Company by SIT since 2005. However, since SIT is a “Subchapter S” corporation, Messrs. Brown and Bartels benefit from any income realized by SIT.
In November 2004 and January 2005, the Company entered into separate operating lease agreements between SMS and the Company’s wholly owned subsidiaries, SPAR Marketing Force, Inc. (“SMF”) and SPAR Canada Company (“SPAR Canada”). In May 2005, the Company and SMS amended the lease agreements reducing the total monthly payment. Each lease, as amended, has a 36 month term and representations, covenants and defaults customary for the leasing industry. The SMF lease is for handheld computers to be used by field merchandisers in the performance of various
F-24
SPAR Group, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
December 31, 2007
9. Related-Party Transactions (continued)
merchandising and marketing services in the United States and has a monthly payment of $17,891. These handheld computers had an original purchase price of $632,200. The SPAR Canada lease is also for handheld computers to be used by field merchandisers in the performance of various merchandising and marketing services in Canada and has a monthly payment of $2,972. These handheld computers had an original purchase price of $105,000. The monthly payments, as amended, are based upon a lease factor of 2.83%. In March 2005, SMF entered into an additional 36 month lease with SMS for handheld computers. The lease factor is 2.83% and the monthly payment is $2,341. These handheld computers had an original purchase price of $82,727. The above referenced equipment leases have expired as of the date of this report and the Company has elected to continue to lease the equipment on a month-to-month basis.
Through arrangements with the Company, SMS, SMSI and SIT participate in various benefit plans, insurance policies and similar group purchases by the Company, for which the Company charges them their allocable shares of the costs of those group items and the actual costs of all items paid specifically for them. All transactions between the Company and the above affiliates are paid and/or collected by the Company in the normal course of business.
The following transactions occurred between the Company and the above affiliates (in thousands):
|
|
Year Ended December 31, |
|
|||||||
|
|
|
2007 |
|
|
2006 |
|
|
2005 |
|
Services provided by affiliates: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Independent contractor services (SMS) |
|
$ |
13,713 |
|
$ |
15,094 |
|
$ |
16,333 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Field management services (SMSI) |
|
$ |
4,238 |
|
$ |
3,850 |
|
$ |
3,704 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Handheld computer leases (SMS) |
|
$ |
256 |
|
$ |
278 |
|
$ |
266 |
|
Internet and software program |
|
$ |
606 |
|
$ |
678 |
|
$ |
771 |
|
Accrued expenses due to affiliates (in thousands): |
|
December 31 |
|
|||||||
|
|
|
|
2007 |
|
|
|
2006 |
|
|
SPAR Marketing Services, Inc. |
|
|
$ |
1,490 |
|
|
$ |
1,238 |
|
|
SPAR Management Services, Inc. |
|
|
|
457 |
|
|
|
346 |
|
|
SPAR Infotech, Inc. |
|
|
|
160 |
|
|
|
168 |
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
2,107 |
|
|
$ |
1,752 |
|
|
In addition to the above, through the services of Affinity Insurance, Ltd., the Company purchased insurance coverage for its casualty and property insurance risk for approximately $1.1 million for each of the three years ended December 31, 2007, 2006, and 2005. The Company’s Chairman and Vice Chairman own, through SMSI, a minority (less than 5%) equity interest in Affinity.
10. Stock Options
SGRP currently has four stock option plans: the 2000 Stock Option Plan (“2000 Plan”), the Special Purpose Stock Option Plan (“Special Purpose Plan”), the Amended and Restated 1995 Stock Option Plan (“1995 Plan”) and the 1995 Director’s Plan (“Director’s Plan”).
On December 4, 2000, SGRP adopted the 2000 Plan as the successor to the 1995 Plan and the Director’s Plan with respect to all new options issued. The 2000 Plan provides for the granting of either incentive or nonqualified stock options to specified employees, consultants, and directors of the Company for the purchase of up to 3,600,000 (less those options still outstanding under the 1995 Plan or exercised after December 4, 2000 under the 1995 Plan). The options have a term of ten years, except in the case of incentive stock options granted to greater than 10% stockholders for whom
F-25
SPAR Group, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
December 31, 2007
10. Stock Options (continued)
the term is five years. The exercise price of nonqualified stock options must be equal to at least 85% of the fair market value of SGRP’s common stock at the date of grant (although typically the options are issued at 100% of the fair market value), and the exercise price of incentive stock options must be equal to at least the fair market value of SGRP’s common stock at the date of grant. During 2007, options to purchase 449,250 shares of SGRP’s common stock were granted, options to purchase 154,745 shares of the Company’s common stock were exercised and options to purchase 235,811 shares of SGRP’s stock were voluntarily surrendered and cancelled under this plan. At December 31, 2007, options to purchase 2,280,228 shares of SGRP’s common stock remain outstanding under this plan and options to purchase 363,669 shares of SGRP’s common stock were available for grant under this plan.
On July 8, 1999, in connection with the merger, SGRP established the Special Purpose Plan of PIA Merchandising Services, Inc. to provide for the issuance of substitute options to the holders of outstanding options granted by SPAR Acquisition, Inc. There were options to purchase 134,114 shares granted at $0.01 per share under this plan. Since July 8, 1999, SGRP has not granted any new options under this plan. During 2007, 250 options to purchase shares of the Company’s common stock were exercised under this plan. At December 31, 2007, options to purchase 1,000 shares of SGRP’s common stock remain outstanding under this plan.
The 1995 Plan provided for the granting of either incentive or nonqualified stock options to specific employees, consultants, and directors of the Company for the purchase of up to 3,500,000 shares of SGRP’s common stock. The options had a term of ten years from the date of issuance, except in the case of incentive stock options granted to greater than 10% stockholders for which the term was five years. The exercise price of nonqualified stock options must have been equal to at least 85% of the fair market value of the Company’s common stock at the date of grant. Since 2000, the Company has not granted any new options under this plan. During 2007, no options to purchase shares of SGRP’s common stock were cancelled. At December 31, 2007, options to purchase 13,375 shares of the Company’s common stock remain outstanding under this plan. The 1995 Plan was superseded by the 2000 Plan with respect to all new options issued.
The Director’s Plan was a stock option plan for non-employee directors and provided for the purchase of up to 120,000 shares of SGRP’s common stock. Since 2000, SGRP has not granted any new options under this plan. During 2007, no options to purchase shares of SGRP’s common stock were exercised under this plan, however, 20,000 options to purchase shares of SGRP’s common stock were cancelled under this plan. At December 31, 2007, there are no options to purchase shares of SGRP’s common stock that remain outstanding under this plan. The Director’s Plan has been replaced by the 2000 Plan with respect to all new options issued.
F-26
SPAR Group, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
December 31, 2007
10. Stock Options (continued)
The following table summarizes stock option activity under SGRP’s plans:
|
|
Shares |
|
Weighted Average |
||
Options outstanding, January 1, 2005 |
|
|
1,291,258 |
|
$ |
1.66 |
2005 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Granted |
|
|
1,334,973 |
|
|
1.32 |
Exercised |
|
|
(57,875 |
) |
|
1.20 |
Canceled or expired |
|
|
(440,975 |
) |
|
1.30 |
Options outstanding, December 31, 2005 |
|
|
2,127,381 |
|
$ |
1.53 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2006 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Granted |
|
|
338,000 |
|
$ |
0.99 |
Exercised |
|
|
(17,335 |
) |
|
0.04 |
Canceled or expired |
|
|
(211,887 |
) |
|
2.71 |
Options outstanding, December 31, 2006 |
|
|
2,236,159 |
|
$ |
1.35 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2007 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Granted |
|
|
449,250 |
|
$ |
0.92 |
Exercised |
|
|
(154,995 |
) |
|
1.30 |
Canceled or expired |
|
|
(235,811 |
) |
|
1.44 |
Options outstanding, December 31, 2007 |
|
|
2,294,603 |
|
$ |
1.26 |
Option price range at December 31, 2007 |
|
$0.01 to $5.27 |
|
|
2007 |
|
2006 |
|
2005 |
|||
Grant Date weighted average fair value of |
|
$ |
0.92 |
|
$ |
0.99 |
|
$ |
1.32 |
The following table summarizes information about stock options outstanding at December 31, 2007:
|
|
Options Outstanding |
|
Options Exercisable |
|||||||
Range of |
|
Number |
|
Weighted |
|
Weighted |
|
Number |
|
|
Weighted |
Less than $1.00 |
|
751,539 |
|
8.0 years |
$ |
0.85 |
|
322,883 |
|
$ |
0.82 |
$1.01 - $2.00 |
|
1,369,759 |
|
6.9 years |
|
1.29 |
|
962,558 |
|
|
1.31 |
$2.01 - $4.00 |
|
151,805 |
|
6.8 years |
|
2.50 |
|
150,430 |
|
|
2.60 |
Greater than $4.00 |
|
21,500 |
|
6.3 years |
|
5.07 |
|
21,500 |
|
|
5.07 |
Total |
|
2,294,603 |
|
|
|
|
|
1,457,371 |
|
|
|
The Company recorded expenses of approximately $18,000, $110,000, and $70,000 for the twelve months ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005, respectively, under the provision of SFAS No. 123 dealing with stock option grants to non-employees for stock option grants that were awarded to the employees of the Company’s affiliates. The Company determines the fair value of the options granted to non-employees using the Black-Scholes valuation model and expenses that value over the service period. Until an option is vested, the fair value of the option continues to be updated through the vesting date. The options granted have a ten (10) year life and vest over four-year periods at a rate of 25% per year, beginning on the first anniversary of the date of grant. As of December 31, 2007 the Company had $76,667 of
F-27
SPAR Group, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
December 31, 2007
10. Stock Options (continued)
unrecognized expense related to non-employees which will be recognized ratably as compensation cost over the vesting period from January 2008 through December 2012.
11. Geographic Data
A summary of the Company’s net revenue, operating income (loss) and long lived assets by geographic area as of and for the year ended December 31, is as follows (in thousands):
|
|
Year Ended December 31, |
|||||||
Net revenue: |
|
2007 |
|
2006 |
|
2005 |
|||
United States |
|
$ |
29,415 |
|
$ |
34,082 |
|
$ |
36,701 |
International |
|
|
31,301 |
|
|
23,234 |
|
|
14,885 |
Total net revenue |
|
$ |
60,716 |
|
$ |
57,316 |
|
$ |
51,586 |
|
|
Year Ended December 31, |
|||||||
|
|
2007 |
|
2006 |
|
2005 |
|||
Operating (loss) income: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
United States |
|
$ |
(1,434 |
) |
$ |
(228 |
) |
$ |
1,200 |
International |
|
|
(552 |
) |
|
(496 |
) |
|
725 |
Total operating (loss) income |
|
$ |
(1,986 |
) |
$ |
(724 |
) |
$ |
1,925 |
|
|
December 31, |
||||
Long lived assets: |
|
2007 |
|
2006 |
||
United States |
|
$ |
3,706 |
|
$ |
3,141 |
International |
|
|
268 |
|
|
253 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total long lived assets |
|
$ |
3,974 |
|
$ |
3,394 |
International revenues disclosed above were based upon revenues reported by the Company’s nine international subsidiaries. The Japanese subsidiary contributed 16%, 11% and 5% of the consolidated net revenue of the Company for the twelve months ended December 31, 2007, 2006, and 2005, respectively. Included in the 2006 international revenue was an additional quarter of revenue, totaling approximately $1.3 million or 2% of the consolidated net revenue of the Company, associated with the change in reporting year of the Company’s subsidiary in Japan. The Canadian subsidiary contributed 8%, of the consolidated net revenue of the Company in each of the twelve months ended December 31, 2007, 2006, and 2005, respectively. The Australian subsidiary contributed 13% and 7% to the consolidated net revenue of the Company for the twelve months ended December 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively. Each of the remaining foreign subsidiaries contributed 4% or less to the consolidated net revenue for the twelve months ended December 31, 2007, 2006, and 2005.
F-28
SPAR Group, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
December 31, 2007
12. Net (Loss) Income Per Share
The following table sets forth the computations of basic and diluted net (loss) income per share (in thousands, except per share data):
|
|
Year Ended December 31, |
|||||||
|
|
2007 |
|
2006 |
|
2005 |
|||
Numerator: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net (loss) income |
|
$ |
(2,544 |
) |
$ |
(621 |
) |
$ |
878 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Denominator: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Shares used in basic net (loss) income per share calculation |
|
|
19,011 |
|
|
18,934 |
|
|
18,904 |
Effect of diluted securities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Employee stock options |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
|
456 |
Shares used in diluted net (loss) income per share calculations |
|
|
19,011 |
|
|
18,934 |
|
|
19,360 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Basic and diluted net (loss) income per common share: |
|
$ |
(0.13 |
) |
$ |
(0.03 |
) |
$ |
0.05 |
The computation of dilutive loss per share for 2007 and 2006 excluded anti-dilutive stock options to purchase approximately 217,000 and 249,000 shares as of December 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively.
13. Subsequent Event
On March 28, 2008, SGRP filed a “Certificate of Designation of Series “A” Preferred Stock of SPAR Group, Inc.” (the “Preferred Designation”), creating a series of 3,000,000 shares of Preferred Stock designated as “Series A Preferred Stock” with a par value of $0.01 per share (the “Preferred Stock”), which designation had been approved by SGRP’s Board of Directors (the “Board”) on March 27, 2008.
The Preferred Designation provides that each share of Preferred Stock is to be issued at a value equal to the closing bid price of SGRP’s common stock (the “Common Stock”) immediately preceding the day SGRP and the purchaser(s) entered into of a binding commitment to issue and acquire Preferred Stock. The Preferred Stock will accrue a 10% divided payable in either cash (when permitted by law and Nasdaq and authorized by the Board) or common stock when authorized by the Board (valued at the current market price of a share of common stock at the time paid but not less that the initial purchase price of a share of such preferred). All accrued and unpaid dividends and potential dividends must be paid to the holders of the Preferred Stock before any dividends can be paid to the holders of the Common Stock. The face value (purchase price) of the Preferred Stock and all accrued and unpaid dividends and potential dividends must be paid to the holders of the Preferred Stock before any liquidating distributions can be made to the holders of the Common Stock. The consent of all of the holders of the Preferred Stock is required for SGRP to make any changes in the Preferred Designation or issue any other class of preferred stock senior to or pari passu with the Preferred Stock.
The Preferred Stock is redeemable, at the discretion of the Corporation, for a cash redemption price equal to its face value (purchase price) plus all accrued and unpaid dividends and potential dividends. Each share of Preferred Stock is convertible into one share of Common Stock at the rate of one to one at the option of the holder, which option would be exercisable for so long as the Preferred Stock is outstanding (even if the Corporation has elected to redeem). Such a conversion also requires that the Corporation satisfy all accrued and unpaid dividends and potential dividends at the same time. The Preferred Stock votes with the Common Stock (no class voting) and have voting rights equal to one vote per share of Preferred Stock.
On March 27, 2008, the Board also authorized the issuance of up to 530,000 shares of Preferred Stock to its affiliates, Robert G. Brown and William H. Bartels (who are officers, directors and significant shareholders of SGRP - see Note 9, Related Party Transactions) in return for (among other things) cash or the reduction of an equivalent debt owed by the Company to SPAR Management Services, Inc. (“SMSI”) (see Note 9, Related Party Transactions), an affiliate of SGRP wholly owned by Mr. Brown and Mr. Bartels. On March 31, 2008, the Corporation, Mr. Brown, Mr. Bartels and SMSI entered into an agreement to issue and purchase 89,286 shares of Preferred Stock at $1.12 per share (the closing bid price
F-29
SPAR Group, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
December 31, 2007
13. Subsequent Event (continued)
of SGRP’s Common Stock for the most recent trading day available immediately preceding such agreement date). Pursuant to that agreement, SGRP’s payable to SMSI will be reduced by $100,00.32, and SGRP will issue 54,564 shares of Preferred Stock to Mr. Brown and 34,722 shares of Preferred Stock to Mr. Bartels, all effective March 31, 2008. SGRP’s Audit Committee reviewed and unanimously approved this transaction, including the terms of the Preferred Stock and the affiliated relationship of the parties. The offer and sale of such Preferred Stock have not been registered under the Securities Act or other securities laws, as they were a non-public offer and sale made in reliance upon (among other things) Section 4(2) of the Securities Act.
F-30
SPAR Group, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Schedule II – Valuation and Qualifying Accounts
(In thousands)
|
|
Balance at |
|
Charged to |
|
Deductions (1) |
|
Balance at End |
||
Year ended December 31, 2007: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Deducted from asset accounts: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Allowance for doubtful accounts |
|
$ |
400 |
|
(164 |
) |
73 |
|
$ |
163 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year ended December 31, 2006: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Deducted from asset accounts: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Allowance for doubtful accounts |
|
$ |
616 |
|
84 |
|
300 |
|
$ |
400 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year ended December 31, 2005: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Deducted from asset accounts: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Allowance for doubtful accounts |
|
$ |
761 |
|
38 |
|
183 |
|
$ |
616 |
(1) |
Uncollectible accounts written off, net of recoveries |
F-31
Exhibit 3.8
Certificate of Designation
of
Series “A” Preferred Stock
of
SPAR Group, Inc.
As of March 28, 2008
The undersigned, duly authorized officer of SPAR Group, Inc., a corporation organized and existing under the laws of the State of Delaware (the “Corporation”), in accordance with the provisions of Section 103 General Corporation Law, and pursuant to Section 151 thereof, DOES HEREBY CERTIFY:
1. The Certificate of Incorporation of the Corporation, as amended, (a) authorizes the Corporation to issue a maximum of 3,000,000 shares of Preferred Stock of a par value of one cent ($.01) each, and (b) expressly vests in the Board of Directors of the Corporation the authority, by resolution or resolutions, (i) to approve the issuance of any or all of said shares in one or more series and (ii) to fix the voting powers (full, limited or none), designations, preferences and relative, participating, optional or other special rights and qualifications, limitations or restrictions of each such series of preferred stock to be issued.
2. The Board of Directors of the Corporation, pursuant to such express authority, on March 27, 2008, duly adopted the resolutions attached hereto as Exhibit A creating a series of 3,000,000 shares of Preferred Stock designated as “Series A Preferred Stock”.
Signed on March 28, 2008. | |
SPAR Group, Inc. |
|
By: /s/ James R. Segreto | |
James R. Segreto, Chief Financial Officer and Secretary |
|
-1- |
Series A Preferred Designation |
Exhibit A
SPAR Group, Inc.
Resolutions of its Board of Directors
Adopted March 27, 2008
Series A Preferred Stock Designation
WHEREAS, the Certificate of Incorporation of SPAR Group, Inc. (the “Corporation”), as amended, (a) authorizes the Corporation to issue a maximum of 3,000,000 shares of Preferred Stock of a par value of one cent ($.01) each, and (b) expressly vests in the Board of Directors of the Corporation the authority, by resolution or resolutions, (i) to approve the issuance of any or all of said shares in one or more series and (ii) to fix the voting powers (full, limited or none), designations, preferences and relative, participating, optional or other special rights and qualifications, limitations or restrictions of each such series of preferred stock to be issued; and
WHEREAS, the Board of Directors of the Corporation (the “Board”) has determined that it is desirable for the Corporation to raise additional capital through the issuance of shares of preferred stock as hereinafter provided; and now, therefore, it is
RESOLVED, that pursuant to the authority vested in the Board in accordance with the provisions of its Certificate of Incorporation, a series of the Preferred Stock of the Corporation shall be, and it hereby is, created, and that the voting powers (full, limited or none), designations, preferences and relative, participating, optional or other special rights and qualifications, limitations or restrictions thereof shall be and hereby fixed are as follows (all of which may be referred to as this “Designation”):
(a) |
Designation and Amount of the Series A Preferred Stock. |
(i) |
The shares of such series shall be and hereby is designated as “Series A Preferred Stock” and the maximum number of shares constituting such series shall be 3,000,000 (as reduced from time to time as hereinafter provided, the “Maximum Share Number”). |
(ii) |
The Maximum Share Number may be decreased, at any time and from time to time, by resolution of the Board; provided, however, that no decrease shall reduce the Maximum Share Number to a number less than the full number of the shares of Series A Preferred Stock then outstanding. |
(iii) |
The Maximum Share Number shall be reduced automatically from time to time by the number of shares of Series A Preferred Stock converted into shares of the Corporation’s common stock, $.01 par value (the “Common Stock”), pursuant to this Designation. However, the Maximum Share Number shall not be reduced by the number of shares of Series A Preferred Stock redeemed at the option of the Corporation. |
(b) |
Potential Dividend Accruals and Dividend Declarations. |
(i) |
Holders of shares of Series A Preferred Stock shall be entitled to receive, as hereinafter provided, cumulative dividends on each share of Series A Preferred Stock at a rate of 2.5% per calendar quarter (the “Quarterly Rate”) (i.e., 10% per annum) of the purchase price paid for such share (the “Purchase Price”). |
(ii) |
Potential dividends on each share of Series A Preferred Stock (each a “Quarterly Accrual” and collectively the “Cumulative Accruals”) (A) shall automatically accrue as of the last day of each March, June, September and December in each year (each a “Accrual Date”) for the three month calendar quarter then ending or such shorter period as such share may have been issued and outstanding (each a “Accrual Period”), (B) shall for the applicable Accrual Period be equal to the product of (x) the Quarterly Rate, times (y) the applicable Purchase Price for such share, times (z) the Accrual Period Fraction (as hereinafter defined), and (C) shall be added to and be cumulative with all prior Cumulative Accruals. However, the Cumulative Accruals shall be reduced from time to time (without duplication) upon declaration by the amount of each Dividend (as hereinafter defined) declared or deemed declared therefrom and upon payment by the amount of the Cumulative Accruals or portion thereof paid in liquidation or redemption as hereinafter provided. “Accrual Period Fraction” shall mean either (x) 1.0000 for each Accrual Period that is a full calendar quarter, or (y) shall be equal to the quotient (expressed as a decimal carried to four places) of the actual number of days such share was issued and outstanding during any shorter Accrual Period (counting any day part as a whole day) divided by the full number of calendar days in the applicable calendar quarter. |
|
-2- |
Series A Preferred Designation |
(iii) |
At the discretion of the Board, outstanding Cumulative Accruals (as hereinafter defined) respecting the Series A Preferred Stock may be declared in whole or in part to be payable as a dividend, when, if and as declared by the Board and made out of any amounts legally available therefor, through either (A) the payment of cash as hereinafter provided (a “Cash Dividend”), or (B) the issuance of shares of Common Stock as hereinafter provided (a “Stock Dividend”). In the case of a Stock Dividend, the Cumulative Accruals shall be deemed paid in an amount equal to the number of shares issued times the Per Share Market Value (as hereinafter defined) of a share of Common Stock at the record date for such dividend. Cash Dividends and Stock Dividends may be referred to individually as a “Dividend” and collectively as “Dividends”. |
(iv) |
“Per Share Market Value” means on any particular date (A) the closing bid price per share, or the last sale price per share, as applicable, of the Common Stock on such date on the Nasdaq or another registered national stock exchange on which the Common Stock is then listed, or if there is no such price on such date, then the closing bid price on such exchange or quotation system on the date nearest preceding such date, or (B) if the Common Stock is not listed then on the Nasdaq or any other registered national stock exchange, the closing bid price for a share of Common Stock in the over-the-counter market, as reported by the OTC Bulletin Board or in the National Quotation Bureau Incorporated or similar organization or agency succeeding to its functions of reporting prices) at the close of business on such date, or (C) if the Common Stock is not then reported by the OTC Bulletin Board or the National Quotation Bureau Incorporated (or similar organization or agency succeeding to its functions of reporting prices), then the average of the “Pink Sheet” quotes for the relevant conversion date, as determined in good faith by the Corporation’s Board, or (D) if the Common Stock is not then publicly traded the fair market value of a share of Common Stock as determined by an independent appraiser selected in good faith by the Corporation’s Board; provided, however, that all determinations of the Per Share Market Value shall be appropriately adjusted for any stock dividends, stock splits or other similar transactions during such period. The determination of fair market value by an independent appraiser shall be based upon the fair market value of the Corporation determined on a going concern basis as between a willing buyer and a willing seller and taking into account all relevant factors determinative of value, and shall be final and binding on all parties. In determining the fair market value of any shares of Common Stock, no consideration shall be given to any restrictions on transfer of the Common Stock imposed by agreement or by federal or state securities laws, or to the existence or absence of, or any limitations on, voting rights. |
(v) |
The Corporation shall pay or distribute the applicable Dividend so declared by the Board on each share of Series A Preferred Stock, on such payment or distribution date as shall have been fixed by the Board at the time of the declaration of such Dividend, to the holder of record of such share at the close of business on such record date as shall have been fixed by the Board at the time of the declaration of such Dividend, and each such holder shall be entitled to receive such Dividend applicable to his or her shares so declared. |
(vi) |
So long as any declared Dividends remain unpaid or any Cumulative Accruals remain outstanding, without the prior consent of the holders of a majority (or such greater number of shares of Series A Preferred Stock as shall then be required by applicable law) of the shares of Series A Preferred Stock at the time outstanding (voting together as a separate class), given by written consent in a manner as may then be permitted by law or given in person or by proxy by a vote at a meeting called for such purpose, the Corporation shall not pay, fund or set aside for payment any dividends in cash or property in respect of any of the Common Stock, or in respect of any other series of preferred stock issued by the Corporation, in each case other than dividends consisting of its Common Stock. |
(vii) |
No holder of any Series A Preferred Stock shall be deemed on account of any Cumulative Accruals to be a creditor of the Corporation or be entitled to receive payment or distribution of any dividend unless, until and only to the extent the Board has declared a Cash Dividend or Stock Dividend or the Corporation is deemed to have declared a Stock Dividend with respect thereto. |
|
-3- |
Series A Preferred Designation |
(viii) |
No holder of any Series A Preferred Stock shall be entitled on account of any such share to any dividends, whether payable in cash, property or stock, in excess of the Quarterly Accruals and resulting Cumulative Accruals as provided in this Designation. |
(c) |
Liquidation. |
(i) |
Upon the dissolution, liquidation or winding up of the Corporation, whether voluntary or involuntary, before any dividend of cash or property or payment or distribution of the assets of the Corporation shall be made or set apart for any Common Stock or any other class or series of stock, eachholder of Series A Preferred Stock then outstanding shall be entitled to receive an amount on account of each those shares equal to the applicable Liquidation Amount (as hereinafter defined), whether or not funds are then legally available for the payment of dividends (to the greatest extent permitted by applicable law) and whether or not earned or declared. “Liquidation Amount” shall mean for each share of Series A Preferred Stock the sum of (A) the Purchase Price therefor, (B) the amount of all declared and unpaid Cash Dividends thereon, (C) the value of all declared and unpaid Stock Dividends thereon (computed at the Per Share Market Value on the first business day preceding the date of payment), and (D) the then outstanding balance of the Cumulative Accruals thereon. |
(ii) |
In the event the assets of the Corporation available for distribution to holders of shares of Series A Preferred Stock upon dissolution, liquidation or winding up of the Corporation, whether voluntary or involuntary, shall be insufficient to pay in full all amounts to which holders of shares of Series A Preferred Stock are entitled, no such distribution shall be made on account of any shares of any other class or series of stock unless and until the Series A Preferred Stock holders shall have received the full amount of their respective Liquidation Preferences. |
(iii) |
After payment in cash to the holders of shares of Series A Preferred Stock of their full Liquidation Peferences upon’ dissolution, liquidation or winding up of the Corporation, whether voluntary or involuntary, the holders of shares of Series A Preferred Stock as such shall have no right or claim to any of the remaining assets of the Corporation. |
(iv) |
Neither the merger or consolidation of the Corporation into or with any other corporation (provided the Corporation is the continuing corporation) nor the merger or consolidation of any other corporation into or with the Corporation nor the sale, lease, exchange or other disposition (for cash, shares of stock, securities or other consideration) of all or substantially all the assets of the Corporation shall be deemed to be a dissolution, liquidation or winding up, voluntary or involuntary, of the Corporation. |
(d) |
Redemption at the Option of the Corporation. |
(i) |
The Corporation at its option may, if, as and when authorized by the Board in its discretion and made out of any amounts legally available therefor, at any time and from time to time redeem all or part of the shares of Series A Preferred Stock (an “Optional Redemption”) on date determined by the Board (an “Optional Redemption Date”) at a redemption price for each holder thereof for each redeemed share equal to the applicable Liquidation Amount (the “Optional Redemption Price”). A partial redemption shall be made from the holders of the Series A Preferred Stock in proportion to the shares held by them. |
(ii) |
Notice of each redemption of shares of Series A Preferred Stock shall be mailed to each holder of the shares to be redeemed, at the holder’s address of record, not more than 60 nor less than 20 days prior to the Optional Redemption Date, specifying: |
|
(A) |
the Optional Redemption Date; |
|
(B) |
the place of redemption, which shall be at the principal office of the Corporation or a bank or trust company appointed by the Corporation in accordance with subdivision (v) below; |
|
-4- |
Series A Preferred Designation |
|
(C) |
the aggregate number of Series A Preferred Stock shares outstanding and held by all holders and the aggregate number of Series A Preferred Stock shares to be redeemed from all holders; |
|
(D) |
the number of shares of such holder to be redeemed and the number(s) of the certificate(s).representing such shares if less than all shares of such holder are to be redeemed; |
|
(E) |
the Optional Redemption Price for the shares of such holder to be redeemed, including the amount of accrued and unpaid dividends that will be part of such Optional Redemption Price; and |
|
(F) |
the record date, if any, of the closing of the transfer books of the Corporation in connection with such redemption pursuant to subdivision (iv) below. |
(iii) |
On or prior to the Optional Redemption Date, as the case may be, the holder shall surrender to the Corporation certificates representing the shares of Series A Preferred Stock to be redeemed, duly endorsed or accompanied by a duly executed stock power, and on the Optional Redemption Date, the Corporation shall pay the consideration therefor (i.e., the Optional Redemption Price) by check subject to collection unless it shall not have received such certificates, in which case it shall make provision for payment therefor on its books and records, whereupon (a) Dividends on the shares of Series A Preferred Stock scheduled for redemption shall cease to accrue on the Optional Redemption Date, and (b) all rights of the holders of such shares as stockholders of the Corporation by reason of the ownership of such shares shall cease an such date, except the right to receive the Optional Redemption Price payable upon redemption of such shares, without interest, on presentation and surrender of the respective certificates representing such shares. In case less than all the shares represented by any certificate are redeemed, a new certificate shall be issued representing the unredeemed shares without cost to the holder thereof. |
(iv) |
In order to facilitate the redemption of any shares of Series A Preferred Stock, the Corporation’s Board is authorized to cause the transfer books of the Corporation related to shares of Series A Preferred Stock to be closed as to such shares no later than seven days prior to such redemption. |
(e) |
Conversion to Common Stock at Holder’s Option. |
(i) |
The holder of any shares of Series A Preferred Stock shall have the right, at his or her option, at any time and from time to time, by written notice to the Corporation (a “Conversion Notice”), to convert all or any portion (but not less than 100 shares unless such shares constitute all) of the holder’s shares of Series A Preferred Stock into the equivalent number of fully paid and nonassessable shares of Common Stock of the Corporation. The Conversion Ratio is 1:1, subject to adjustment as provided below. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the conversion right provided herein shall terminate at the close of business on the business day immediately preceding the Optional Redemption Date for any share of Series A Preferred Stock called for Optional Redemption unless, in any case, (a) the Corporation shall extend such date, (b) the Corporation shall have received the Conversion Notice prior to the Optional Redemption Date, or (c) a default by the Corporation in payment or providing for payment of the redemption price shall have occurred and be continuing. |
(ii) |
Conversion shall be effected by surrender to the Corporation of the certificates representing the shares of Series A Preferred Stock to be converted, duly endorsed or accompanied by a duly executed stock power, together with written notice to the Corporation that such holder elects to convert a specified number of shares of Series A Preferred Stock surrendered. Shares of Series A Preferred Stock shall be deemed to have been converted as of the date of the surrender of such shares for conversion, and the person or persons entitled to receive the shares of Common Stock issuable upon such conversion shall be treated for all purposes as the record holder or holders of such shares of Common Stock on such date; provided, however, that no such surrender on any day when the stock transfer books for the Corporation’s Common Stock shall be closed shall be effective to constitute the person or persons entitled to receive the shares of Common Stock upon such conversion as the record holder or holders of such shares of Common Stock on such date, but such surrender shall be effective to constitute the person or persons entitled to receive such shares of Common Stock as the record holder or holders thereof for all purposes at the close of business on the next succeeding day on which such stock transfer books are open. |
|
-5- |
Series A Preferred Designation |
(iii) |
Upon any conversion of a share of Series A Preferred Stock: (A) the Corporation shall simultaneously pay in full the amount of all declared and unpaid Cash Dividends thereon and deliver in full the shares of all declared and unpaid Stock Dividends thereon, in each case irrespective of whether a later payment or record date may have been specified in the declaration thereof; (B) the Corporation (without further action of the Board) shall be deemed to have declared (to the greatest extent permitted by applicable law) a Stock Dividend with respect to then outstanding balance of the Cumulative Accruals thereon, provided that the Corporation shall give the holder(s) notice if it cannot declare and pay such a Stock Dividend in the full amount of all outstanding Cumulative Accruals, and such holder(s) shall have a reasonable period of time to withdraw their Conversion Notices as a result thereof; and (C) except for those payments and deliveries and that deemed Stock Dividend declaration, (x) no payment of or adjustment of the Conversion Price with respect to any potential dividends on the Series A Preferred Stock so converted will be made, and (y) all rights to future Quarterly Accruals and the resulting future Cumulative Accruals with respect to any shares of Series A Preferred Stock so converted shall cease and be deemed satisfied. |
(iv) |
In the event of any change in the outstanding Common Stock into a smaller or larger number of shares by reason of a stock dividend, stock subdivision or stock combination or the issue of any shares of capital stock by recapitalization (other than a change in par value or any Stock Dividend or conversion under this Designation), the Conversion Ratio shall be proportionately adjusted so that the holder of any shares of Series A Preferred Stock thereafter surrendered for conversion shall be entitled to receive the number and kind of shares of capital stock of the Corporation that he or she would have owned or been entitled to receive immediately following the event described above had such shares of Series A Preferred Stock been converted immediately prior thereto. An adjustment made pursuant to this subdivision shall become effective immediately after the record date in the case of a stock dividend and shall become effective immediately after the effective date in the case of a subdivision, combination or reclassification. |
(v) |
In case of any consolidation or merger of the Corporation with or into any other person (other than a consolidation or merger in which the Corporation is the continuing person), or any conveyance or transfer of all or substantially all of the property and assets of the Corporation, (A) the prior consent of the holders of a majority (or such greater number of shares of Series A Preferred Stock as shall then be required by applicable law) of the shares of Series A Preferred Stock at the time outstanding (voting together as a separate class), given by written consent in a manner as may then be permitted by law or given in person or by proxy by a vote at a meeting called for such purpose, shall be required therefore, and (B) the holder of shares of Series A Preferred Stock thereafter surrendered for conversion shall be entitled to receive (x) payment in full the amount of all declared and unpaid Cash Dividends thereon, irrespective of whether a later payment or record date may have been specified in the declaration thereof, and (y) the kind and amount of shares of stock and other securities and property to be received upon such consolidation, merger, conveyance or transfer by a holder of the number shares of Common Stock equal to the sum of (1) the number of shares of Common Stock into which such Series A Preferred Stock might have been converted immediately prior to such consolidation, merger, conveyance or transfer, (2) the number of shares of Common Stock under all declared and unpaid Stock Dividends thereon, irrespective of whether a later payment or record date may have been specified in the declaration thereof, and (3) the number of shares of Common Stock that would have been issuable in a duly declared Stock Dividend with respect to then outstanding balance of the Cumulative Accruals thereon. The above provisions of this clause shall similarly apply to successive reclassifications, consolidations, mergers, conveyances or transfers. |
(vi) |
During any period during which the Corporation has not, for any reason, redeemed following the Optional Redemption Date any shares of Series A Preferred Stock that it was otherwise obligated to redeem or paid when stipulated in the applicable declaration any Cash Dividend or Stock Dividend that it has lawfully declared (a “Default”), then if a Conversion Notice is delivered and for so long as any such Default is continuing, the Conversion Ratio in effect with respect to such shares shall be adjusted so that the holder will receive twice as many shares of Common Stock as would have been the case absent such Default. |
|
-6- |
Series A Preferred Designation |
(f) |
Priority. |
(i) |
Any stock of any series or class of the Corporation shall be deemed to rank: |
|
(A) |
prior to the shares of Series A Preferred Stock, either as to dividends or upon liquidation, if the holders of shares of such series or class shall be entitled to the receipt of dividends or of amounts distributable upon dissolution, liquidation or winding up of the Corporation, as the case may be, in preference or priority to the holders of shares of Series A Preferred Stock, but only to the extent approved by them as hereinafter provided; |
|
(B) |
on a parity with shares of Series A Preferred Stock (other than other shares of Series A Preferred Stock), whether or not such shares contain dividend rates or payment dates or redemption or liquidation prices per share or sinking fund provisions, if any, different from those of shares of Series A Preferred Stock, if the holders of such series or class shall be entitled to the receipt of dividends in proportion to their respective accrued dividends per share and to the receipt of amounts distributable upon dissolution, liquidation or winding up of the Corporation in proportion to their respective full per share distributive amounts, as the case may be, without preference or priority, one over the other, as between the holders of shares of such series or class of stock and the holders of shares of Series A Preferred Stock, but only to the extent approved by them as hereinafter provided; and |
|
(C) |
junior to shares of Series A Preferred Stock, either as to dividends or upon liquidation, if such class shall be Common Stock or if the holders of shares of Series A Preferred Stock shall be entitled to the receipt of dividends and of amounts distributable upon dissolution, liquidation or winding up of the Corporation, as the case may be, in preference or priority to the holders of shares of such series or class. |
(ii) |
The consent of the holders of all of the shares of Series A Preferred Stock at the time outstanding (voting together as a separate class), given by written consent in a manner as may then be permitted by law or given in person or by proxy by a vote at a meeting called for such purpose, shall be necessary for authorizing, approving, effecting or validating the creation, authorization or issue of any shares of any class or series of stock of the Corporation ranking prior or equal to to shares of Series A Preferred Stock as to dividends or upon liquidation, or the reclassification of any authorized stock of the Corporation into any such prior shares, or the creation, authorization or issue of any obligation or security convertible into or evidencing the right to purchase any such prior shares, unless such shares, obligation or security are to be issued in connection or contemporaneously with the retirement of all outstanding shares of Series A Preferred Stock which did not vote in favor of such creation, authorization or issuance. However, such approval shall not be required with respect to the additional shares of Series A Preferred Stock permitted under this Designation if less than the permitted maximum Share Number are then outstanding. |
(g) |
Amendments and Voting, Rights as Stockholders Generally. |
(i) |
No amendment to or other change in this Designation may be made by the Corporation without the consent of the holders of all of the shares of Series A Preferred Stock at the time outstanding (voting together as a separate class), given by written consent in a manner as may then be permitted by law or given in person or by proxy by a vote at a meeting called for such purpose. |
(ii) |
Except as otherwise provided in this Designation or required by applicable law, each share of Series A Preferred Stock shall entitle the holder thereof to one vote, to participate in any meeting of shareholders, to have notice of any meeting of shareholders, to receive any other notice or report and to have any other right or benefit, in each case as if such share of Series A Preferred Stock were a share of Common Stock. |
(iii) |
On any matters on which the holders of Series A Preferred Stock are entitled to vote, each holder shall be entitled to one vote for each share held (whether as part of a class or as if a Common Stock holder). |
|
-7- |
Series A Preferred Designation |
(h) |
Reservation of Shares; No Fractional Shares; Maximum Shares Without Stockholder Vote. |
(i) |
The Corporation shall at all times reserve and keep available out of its authorized but unissued shares of Common Stock, solely for the purpose of effecting the conversion of the shares of Series A Preferred Stock and potential Stock Dividends, such number of its shares of Common Stock as shall from time to time be sufficient to effect the conversion of all outstanding shares of Series A Preferred Stock and payment of Stock Dividends in respect of all accrued and undeclared Dividends; and if at any time the number of authorized but unissued shares of Common Stock shall be insufficient to effect the conversion of all then outstanding shares of Series A Preferred Stock, the Corporation will use its best efforts to take such action as may be necessary to increase its authorized but unissued shares of Common Stock to such number of shares as shall be sufficient for such purposes. |
(ii) |
No fractional shares or scrip representing fractional shares of Common Stock shall be issued upon the conversion of any Series A Preferred Stock or making of any Stock Dividend. If the conversion of shares of Series A Preferred Stock or any Stock Dividend would otherwise require the issuance of a fraction of a share, an amount in cash shall be paid to the holder thereof equal to such fraction multiplied by the Conversion Ratio or Per Share Market Value then in effect, as applicable. |
(iii) |
Notwithstanding anything in this Designation to the contrary, the Corporation shall not issue or commit to issue more than 3,600,000 shares of its Common Stock pursuant hereto without the prior approval of a majority of its stockholders. |
(i) |
Miscellaneous. |
(i) |
Shares of Series A Preferred Stock issued and reacquired by the Corporation (including, without limitation, shares which have been redeemed, but exluding shares that have been converted into shares of Common Stock) shall have the status of authorized and unissued shares of Preferred Stock, undesignated as to series, subject to later issuance. |
(ii) |
The stockholders (and to the extent authorized by stockholders, the Board) of the Corporation shall have authority at any time and from time to time to provide in the Corporation’s Certificate of Incorporation for the issuance of additional series of Preferred Stock. However, the issuance of any shares prior or equal to the Series A Preferred Stock shall nevertheless require the consent of the holders of the Series A Preferred Stock as provided in this Designation. |
(iii) |
No holder of Series A Preferred Stock of the Corporation shall, because of his ownership of such Series A Preferred Stock, have a pre-emptive right to purchase, subscribe for or take any part of any shares or securities, options or warrants convertible into any shares of the Corporation which may be issued, optioned for sale or sold at any time by the Corporation. |
and it is further
RESOLVED, that the proper officers of the Corporation be, and each of them hereby is, authorized, empowered and directed, with each such officer having the full authority to act without the participation or consent of any other officer, (A) to file with the Secretary of State of Delaware a Certificate of Designation providing for the issuance of the series of stock designated in the foregoing resolution, (B) to execute and deliver any and all further agreements, instruments, certificates, waivers and other documents or communications, (C) to do and perform any and all such other acts and things, and (D) to take or omit to take any and all such further action, in each case in the name and on behalf of the Corporation as such officer(s) may, in his or her discretion, deem necessary or appropriate in order to perform or otherwise satisfy (in whole or in part) such Resolutions or their purposes or intents, under its corporate seal or otherwise.
|
-8- |
Series A Preferred Designation |
WAIVER AND AMENDMENT NO. 12
TO THIRD AMENDED AND RESTATED
REVOLVING CREDIT AND SECURITY AGREEMENT
THIS WAIVER AND AMENDMENT NO. 12 (this “Agreement”) is entered into as of February 12, 2008, by and among SPAR MARKETING FORCE, INC. (“SMF”), SPAR, INC. (“SPAR”), SPAR/BURGOYNE RETAIL SERVICES, INC (“SBRS”), SPAR GROUP, INC. (“SGI”), SPAR INCENTIVE MARKETING, INC. (“SIM”), SPAR TRADEMARKS, INC. (“STM”), SPAR MARKETING, INC. (DE) (“SMIDE”), SPAR MARKETING, INC. (NV) (“SMINV”), SPAR ACQUISITION, INC. (“SAI”), SPAR TECHNOLOGY GROUP, INC. (“STG”), SPAR/PIA RETAIL SERVICES, INC. (“Pia Retail”), RETAIL RESOURCES, INC. (“Retail”), PIVOTAL FIELD SERVICES, INC. (“Pivotal Field”), PIA MERCHANDISING CO., INC. (“PIA”), PACIFIC INDOOR DISPLAY CO. (“Pacific”), PIVOTAL SALES COMPANY (“Pivotal”), SPAR ALL STORE MARKETING SERVICES, INC., (“SAS”) and SPAR BERT FIFE, INC. (“SBFI”) (each a “Borrower” and collectively “Borrowers”) and WEBSTER BUSINESS CREDIT CORPORATION (formerly known as Whitehall Business Credit Corporation) (“Lender”).
BACKGROUND
The Borrowers and Lender are parties to that certain Third Amended and Restated Revolving Credit and Security Agreement dated January 24, 2003 (as amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time, the “Loan Agreement”) pursuant to which Lender provides the Borrowers with certain financial accommodations.
The Borrowers have violated certain covenants and have requested Lender waive the resulting Events of Default and Lender is willing to do so in connection with making certain amendments to the Loan Agreement.
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of any loan or advance or grant of credit heretofore or hereafter made to or for the account of Borrowers by Lender, and for other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which are hereby acknowledged, the parties hereto hereby agree as follows:
1. Definitions. All capitalized terms not otherwise defined or amended herein shall have the meanings given to them in the Loan Agreement.
2. Waiver. Subject to the satisfaction of Section 4 below, Lender hereby waives the Events of Default that have occurred and are continuing as a result Borrowers’ non-compliance with (i) Section 12(o) with respect to the fiscal quarter ending December 31, 2007 due to Borrowers’ failure to maintain the requisite Net Worth level for the fiscal quarter then ended and (ii) Section 12(p) with respect to the fiscal quarter ending December 31, 2007 due to Borrowers’ failure to maintain the requisite Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio for the fiscal quarter then ended. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the waiver of the Events of Default set forth above does not establish a course of conduct between Borrowers and Lender and Borrowers hereby agree that Lender is not obligated to waive any future Events of Default under the Loan Agreement.
1394223.2
3. Amendments. Subject to the satisfaction of Section 5 below, the Loan Agreement is hereby amended as follows:
(a) Section 12(o) of the Loan Agreement is hereby amended in its entirety to provide as follows:
|
“(o) |
Intentionally omitted.” |
(b) Section 12(p) of the Loan Agreement is hereby amended in its entirety to provide as follows:
“(p) it shall cause to be maintained as at the last day of each fiscal quarter set forth below for the four (4) fiscal quarters then ended a Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio of not less than the ratio set forth below:
Fiscal Quarter Ended |
Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio |
December 31, 2007 |
No Test |
March 31, 2008 |
No Test |
June 30, 2008 |
No Test |
September 30, 2008 |
1.30 to 1.0 |
December 31, 2008, and the last day of each fiscal quarter ended thereafter for the four fiscal quarters then ended |
1.30 to 1.0” |
(c) Section 12(q) of the Loan Agreement is hereby amended in its entirety to read as follows:
“(q) it will not make capital expenditures, (including, without limitation, expenditures for software and assets acquired through capitalized lease transaction) in any fiscal year in an aggregate amount in excess of $800,000 for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2008.”
(d) Section 12(r) of the Loan Agreement is hereby amended in its entirety to provide as follows:
“(r) the Borrowers shall maintain EBITDA for the test period ending on the last day of each month set forth below in an amount not less than the amount set forth below:
Test Period Ended |
EBITDA |
3 months ended December 31, 2007 |
$1,058,000 |
4 months ending January 31, 2008 |
$750,000 |
5 months ending February 29, 2008 |
$628,000 |
2
6 months ending March 31, 2008 |
$941,000 |
7 months ending April 30, 2008 |
$1,076,000 |
8 months ending May 31, 2008 |
$1,168,000 |
9 months ending June 30, 2008 |
$1,187,000 |
10 months ending July 31, 2008 |
$1,269,000 |
11 months ending August 31, 2008 |
$1,423,000 |
12 months ending September 30, 2008 |
$1,431,000 |
4. Conditions of Effectiveness. This Agreement shall become effective as of the date hereof, provided that the following conditions shall have been satisfied: Lender shall have received four (4) copies of this Agreement executed by the Borrowers and the Guarantor (“Guarantor”) listed on the signature page hereto.
5. Representations, Warranties and Covenants. Each of the Borrowers hereby represents, warrants and covenants as follows:
(a) This Agreement and the Loan Agreement constitute legal, valid and binding obligations of each of the Borrowers and are enforceable against each of the Borrowers in accordance with their respective terms.
(b) Upon the effectiveness of this Agreement, each of the Borrowers hereby reaffirms all covenants, representations and warranties made in the Loan Agreement to the extent the same are not amended hereby and agrees that all such covenants, representations and warranties shall be deemed to have been remade as of the effective date of this Agreement.
(c) No Borrower has any defense, counterclaim or offset with respect to the Loan Agreement or the Obligations.
|
6. |
Effect on the Loan Agreement. |
(a) Except as specifically amended herein, the Loan Agreement, and all other documents, instruments and agreements executed and/or delivered in connection therewith, shall remain in full force and effect, and are hereby ratified and confirmed.
(b) Except as set forth in Section 2 hereof, the execution, delivery and effectiveness of this Agreement shall not operate as a waiver of any right, power or remedy of Lender, nor constitute a waiver of any provision of the Loan Agreement, or any other documents, instruments or agreements executed and/or delivered under or in connection therewith.
7. Governing Law. This Agreement shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the parties hereto and their respective successors and assigns and shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of New York (other than those conflict of law rules that would defer to the substantive law of another jurisdiction).
8. Cost and Expenses. Borrowers and Guarantors each hereby agree to pay the Lender, on demand, all costs and expenses (including reasonable attorneys’ fees and legal
3
expenses) incurred in connection with this Agreement and any instruments or documents contemplated hereunder.
9. Release. Borrowers and Guarantor hereby release, remise, acquit and forever discharge Lender, Lender’s employees, agents, representatives, consultants, attorneys, fiduciaries, officers, directors, partners, predecessors, successors and assigns, subsidiary corporations, parent corporations, and related corporate divisions (all of the foregoing hereinafter called the “Released Parties”), from any and all actions and causes of action, judgments, executions, suits, debts, claims, demands, liabilities, obligations, damages and expenses of any and every character, known or unknown, direct and/or indirect, at law or in equity, of whatsoever kind or nature, for or because of any matter or things done, omitted or suffered to be done by any of the Released Parties prior to and including the date of execution hereof, and in any way directly or indirectly arising out of or in any way connected to this Amendment or the Ancillary Agreements (all of the foregoing hereinafter called the “Released Matters”). Borrowers and Guarantor acknowledge that the agreements in this Section are intended to be in full satisfaction of all or any alleged injuries or damages arising in connection with the Released Matters.
10. Headings. Section headings in this Agreement are included herein for convenience of reference only and shall not constitute a part of this Agreement for any other purpose.
11. Counterparts; Facsimile or Electronic Signatures. This Agreement may be executed by the parties hereto in one or more counterparts of the entire document or of the signature pages hereto, each of which shall be deemed an original and all of which taken together shall constitute one and the same agreement. Any signature received by facsimile or electronic transmission shall be deemed an original signature hereto.
[Remainder of page intentionally left blank]
4
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, this Agreement has been duly executed as of the day and year first written above.
SPAR MARKETING FORCE, INC.
SPAR, INC.
SPAR/BURGOYNE RETAIL SERVICES, INC.
SPAR GROUP, INC.
SPAR INCENTIVE MARKETING, INC.
SPAR TRADEMARKS, INC.
SPAR MARKETING, INC. (DE)
SPAR MARKETING, INC. (NV)
SPAR ACQUISITION, INC.
SPAR TECHNOLOGY GROUP, INC.
SPAR/PIA RETAIL SERVICES, INC.
RETAIL RESOURCES, INC.
PIVOTAL FIELD SERVICES, INC.
PIA MERCHANDISING CO., INC.
PACIFIC INDOOR DISPLAY CO.
PIVOTAL SALES COMPANY
SPAR ALL STORE MARKETING SERVICES, INC.
SPAR BERT FIFE, INC.
By: /s/ James R. Segreto |
|
Name: |
James R. Segreto |
Title: |
Chief Financial Officer |
WEBSTER BUSINESS CREDIT CORPORATION
By: /s/ Daniel Dupre |
|
Name: |
Daniel Dupre |
Title: |
Vice President |
Signature Page to Waiver and Amendment No. 12 – 1394223
CONSENTED AND AGREED TO BY:
PIA Merchandising Limited, Guarantor
By: /s/ James R. Segreto
Name: James R. Segreto
Its:
Chief Financial Officer
of each of the foregoing
entities
/s/ William Bartels
William Bartels, Guarantor
/s/ Robert Brown
Robert Brown, Guarantor
Signature Page to Waiver and Amendment No. 12 – 1394223
Exhibit 10.58
Stephen Grant |
Royal Bank of Canada |
Manager, GRM |
20 King Street West, 9th floor |
Special Loans and Advisory Services |
Toronto, Ontario, M5H 1C4 |
Tel: 416-974-5825 | |
Fax : 416-955-2562 | |
E-Mail : stephen.grant@rbc.com |
March 31, 2008
Spar Canada Company
1910 Opdyke Court
Auburn Hills MI
USA 48326
Attention: Jim Segreto
Dear Mr. Segreto:
Re: Credit Facilities of Spar Canada Company (the “Borrower”)
The terms of the credit facilities offered to the Borrower by Royal Bank of Canada (the “Bank”) are set out in the credit agreement dated October 17, 2006 (the “Agreement”).
Based on our review, the Borrower is in breach of the following covenant(s) under the terms set out in the Agreement:
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1. |
To maintain a total debt to tangible net worth of not greater than 2:1. |
This covenant was in breach as at December 31, 2007 as per the company prepared financial statements provided to the Bank.
The Bank hereby agrees to waive its rights in respect of such breach until December 31, 2008, provided no further deterioration occurs during that period. This waiver is granted only in respect of the aforementioned breach and only for the period specified above.
We further note that the terms of the Agreement have been amended as follows:
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1. |
Facility #1. Demand Operating loan. Limit has been reduced to $500,000.00 (from $1,000,000.00) |
All other terms and conditions outlined in the Agreement remain unchanged and in full force and effect.
2
The above noted amendment is open for acceptance until April 30, 2008, after which date it will be null and void, unless extended in writing by the Bank.
Yours truly,
ROYAL BANK OF CANADA
Per: |
/s/ Stephen Grant |
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Stephen Grant |
Manager, GRM |
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Special Loans and Advisory Services |
Agreed to and accepted this 30th day of March, 2008
Spar Canada Company
Per: |
/s/ James R. Segreto |
Name: |
James R. Segreto |
Title: |
Chief Financial Officer |
Stephen Grant |
SPAR Group, Inc.
List of Subsidiaries
100 % Owned Subsidiaries |
State/Country of Incorporation |
PIA Merchandising Co , Inc. |
California |
PIA Merchandising Limited |
Nova Scotia, Canada |
Pacific Indoor Display Co , Inc. |
California |
Pivotal Field Services, Inc. |
Nevada |
Pivotal Sales Company |
California |
Retail Resources, Inc. |
Nevada |
SPAR Acquisition, Inc. |
Nevada |
SPAR All Store Marketing Services, Inc. |
Nevada |
SPAR Bert Fife, Inc. |
Nevada |
SPAR/Burgoyne Retail Services, Inc. (f/k/a SPAR Retail Information, Inc.) |
Ohio |
SPAR Canada Company |
Nova Scotia, Canada |
SPAR Canada, Inc. |
Nevada |
SPAR Group International, Inc. |
Nevada |
SPAR Inc. , (f/k/a SPAR/Burgoyne Information Services, Inc.) |
Nevada |
SPAR Incentive Marketing, Inc. |
Delaware |
SPAR International LTD |
Cayman Islands |
SPAR Marketing, Inc. |
Nevada |
SPAR Marketing, Inc. (f/k/a SPAR Acquisition, Inc.) |
Delaware |
SPAR Marketing Force, Inc. |
Nevada |
SPAR Megaforce, Inc. |
Nevada |
SPAR/PIA Retail Services, Inc. |
Nevada |
SPAR Technology Group, Inc. (f/k/a SPARinc.com, Inc.) |
Nevada |
SPAR Trademarks, Inc. |
Nevada |
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51% Owned International Subsidiaries |
Country |
SGRP Meridian (Pty), Ltd. |
South Africa |
SPAR Merchandising Romania, Ltd. |
Romania |
SPAR Solutions India Private Limited |
India |
SPAR Turkey Ltd. |
Turkey |
UAB SPAR RSS Baltic |
Lithuania |
SPARFACTS Australia (Pty), Ltd. |
Australia |
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50% Owned International Subsidiaries |
Country |
SPAR China Ltd. |
China |
SPAR FM Japan, Inc. |
Japan |
Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
We consent to the incorporation by reference in the Registration Statement Form S-8 (No. 333-07377) pertaining to the 1995 Stock Option Plans, in the Registration Statement Form S-8 (No. 333-53400) pertaining to the Special Purpose Stock Option Plan, in Registration Statement Form S-8 (No. 333-73000) pertaining to the 2001 Employee Stock Purchase Plan, in Registration Statement Form S-8 (No. 333-73002) pertaining to the 2000 Stock Option Plan and in Registration Statement Form S-8 (No. 333-72998) pertaining to the 2001 Consultant Stock Purchase Plan of SPAR Group, Inc. of our report dated March 30, 2008, with respect to the December 31, 2007, 2006, and 2005 consolidated financial statements and schedule of SPAR Group, Inc. and subsidiaries included in the Annual Report on Form 10-K, for the year ended December 31, 2007.
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/s/ Rehmann Robson |
Troy, Michigan
March 30, 2008
Ex-1
Exhibit 23.2
Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
We consent to the incorporation by reference in the Registration Statement Form S-8 (No. 333-07377) pertaining to the 1995 Stock Option Plans, in Registration Statement Form S-8 (No. 333-53400) pertaining to the Special Purpose Stock Option Plan, in Registration Statement Form S-8 (N0. 333-73000) pertaining to the 2001 Employee Stock Purchase Plan, in Registration Statement Form S-8 (No. 333-73002) pertaining to the 2000 Stock Option Plan and in registration Statement Form S-8 (No 333-72998) pertaining to the 2001 Consultant Stock Purchase Plan of SPAR Group, Inc. and with Respect to the December 31, 2006 consolidated financial statements of SPAR Group, Inc included in the Annual Report (Form 10-K), for the year ended December 31, 2007 of our report dated February 20, 2008 with respect to the financial statements of SPAR Alan Pazarlama Limited Sirketi, as of December 31, 2007 and for the year ended December 31, 2007.
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/s/ Güreli Yeminli Mali Müşavirlik A.Ş. |
Istanbul, Turkey
February 20, 2008
Ex-2
Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
We consent to the incorporation by reference in the Registration Statement Form S-8 (No. 333-07377) pertaining to the 1995 Stock Option Plans, in Registration Statement Form S-8 (No. 333-53400) pertaining to the Special Purpose Stock Option Plan, in Registration Statement Form S-8 (N0. 333-73000) pertaining to the 2001 Employee Stock Purchase Plan, in Registration Statement Form S-8 (No. 333-73002) pertaining to the 2000 Stock Option Plan and in registration Statement Form S-8 (No 333-72998) pertaining to the 2001 Consultant Stock Purchase Plan of SPAR Group, Inc. and with Respect to the December 31, 2006 consolidated financial statements of SPAR Group, Inc included in the Annual Report (Form 10-K), for the year ended December 31, 2007 of our report dated March 15, 2008 with respect to the financial statements of SPAR Merchandising Romania SRL, as of December 31, 2007 and for the year ended December 31, 2007.
/s/ Baker Tilly Klitou and Partners S.R.L.
Bucharest, Romania
March 15, 2008
Ex-3
Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
We consent to the incorporation by reference in the Registration Statement Form S-8 (No. 333-07377) pertaining to the 1995 Stock Option Plans, in Registration Statement Form S-8 (No. 333-53400) pertaining to the Special Purpose Stock Option Plan, in Registration Statement Form S-8 (N0. 333-73000) pertaining to the 2001 Employee Stock Purchase Plan, in Registration Statement Form S-8 (No. 333-73002) pertaining to the 2000 Stock Option Plan and in registration Statement Form S-8 (No 333-72998) pertaining to the 2001 Consultant Stock Purchase Plan of SPAR Group, Inc. and with Respect to the December 31, 2006 consolidated financial statements of SPAR Group, Inc included in the Annual Report (Form 10-K), for the year ended December 31, 2007 of our report dated February 20, 2008 with respect to the financial statements of SPAR Solutions Merchandising Private Limited, as of December 31, 2007 and for the year ended December 31, 2007.
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/s/ Nagesh Behl & Co. |
New Delhi, India
February 20, 2008
Ex-4
Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
We consent to the incorporation by reference in the Registration Statement Form S-8 (No. 333-07377) pertaining to the 1995 Stock Option Plans, in Registration Statement Form S-8 (No. 333-53400) pertaining to the Special Purpose Stock Option Plan, in Registration form S-8 (No. 333-73000) pertaining to the 2001 Employee Stock Purchase Plan, in Registration Statement Form S-8 (No. 333-73002) pertaining to the 2000 Stock Option Plan and in Registration Statement Form S-8 (No. 333-72998) pertaining to the 2001 Consultant Stock Purchase Plan of SPAR Group, Inc., and with Respect to the December 31, 2006 consolidated financial statements of SPAR Group, Inc. included in the Annual Report (Form 10-K), for the year ended December 31, 2007 of our report dated February 15, 2008 with respect to the financial statements of UAB SPAR RSS Baltic, as of December 31, 2007 and for the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006.
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/s/ UAB “Rezultatas” |
Vilnius, Lithuania
February 15, 2008
Ex-5
Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
We consent to the incorporation by reference in the Registration Statement Form S-8 (No. 333-07377) pertaining to the 1995 Stock Option Plans, in Registration Statement Form S-8 (No. 333-53400) pertaining to the Special Purpose Stock Option Plan, in Registration form S-8 (No. 333-73000) pertaining to the 2001 Employee Stock Purchase Plan, in Registration Statement Form S-8 (No. 333-73002) pertaining to the 2000 Stock Option Plan and in Registration Statement Form S-8 (No. 333-72998) pertaining to the 2001 Consultant Stock Purchase Plan of SPAR Group, Inc., and with respect to the December 31, 2005 consolidated financial statements of SPAR Group, Inc. included in the Annual Report (Form 10-K), for the year ended December 31, 2006 of our report dated March 15, 2007 with respect to the financial statements of Sparfacts Pty Ltd, as of December 31, 2006 and for the year ended December 31, 2006.
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/s/ Pitcher Partners |
Melbourne, Australia
March 18 , 2008
Ex-6
CERTIFICATION OF CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER PURSUANT TO
SECTION 302 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002
I, Gary S. Raymond, certify that:
1. I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2007 (this “report”), of SPAR Group, Inc. (the “registrant”);
2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;
3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;
4. The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:
(a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;
(b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;
(c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and
(d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and
5. The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):
(a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and
(b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.
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Date: March 31, 2008 |
/s/ Gary S. Raymond |
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Gary S. Raymond, Chief Executive Officer |
Ex-7
CERTIFICATION OF CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER PURSUANT TO
SECTION 302 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002
I, James R. Segreto, certify that:
1. I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2007 (this “report”), of SPAR Group, Inc. (the “registrant”);
2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;
3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;
4. The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:
(a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;
(b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;
(c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and
(d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and
5. The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):
(a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and
(b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.
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Date: March 31, 2008 |
/s/ James R. Segreto |
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James R. Segreto, Chief Financial Officer, |
Ex-8
EXHIBIT 32.1
Certification of Chief Executive Officer
Pursuant to
Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
In connection with the annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2007 (this “report”), of SPAR Group, Inc. (the “registrant”), the undersigned hereby certifies that, to his knowledge:
1. The report fully complies with the requirements of section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and
2. The information contained in the report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the registrant.
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/s/ Gary S. Raymond |
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Gary S. Raymond |
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Chief Executive Officer |
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March 31, 2008 |
A signed original of this written statement required by Section 906 has been provided to SPAR Group, Inc. and will be retained by SPAR Group, Inc., and furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission or its staff upon request.
Ex-9
Certification of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to
Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
In connection with the annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2007 (this “report”), of SPAR Group, Inc. (the “registrant”), the undersigned hereby certifies that, to his knowledge:
1. The report fully complies with the requirements of section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and
2. The information contained in the report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the registrant.
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/s/ James R. Segreto |
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James R. Segreto |
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Chief Financial Officer, Treasurer and Secretary |
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March 31, 2008 |
A signed original of this written statement required by Section 906 has been provided to SPAR Group, Inc. and will be retained by SPAR Group, Inc., and furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission or its staff upon request.
Ex-10